Developing a Pragmatic and Grammaticality Judgment Questionnaire for Taiwanese University EFL Learners

針對台灣大學生的語用與文法知覺而設計的測驗研究

李維德(Wei-Teh Lee)

《蘭陽學報》 10期 (2011/06) Pp. 39-52

https://doi.org/10.6665/JLYIT.2011.10.39

摘要

許多先前研究指出以英語為外語的學習者與母語人士溝通時較傾向發生溝通障礙，因為在傳統教學的環境與教科書較無法提供在語用方面適當的輸入。相反的，他們的學習大都集中在文法的教學而較傾向能夠培養出較好的語意知覺與文法能力。因此，以英語為外語的學習者或許能夠表達出合乎語法的句子，但是那些語句因為得不到語用能力的支持，卻很可能違反了目的語的風俗與民情。因此本研究嘗試研究出一套適合台灣大學生的問卷任務來找出他們的語用知覺與語意知覺。此種修改的問卷研究包括五個步驟：(a)從外語學習的大學生中找出適合於校園的情境，(b)從外語學習的大學生測試那些情境透過言談完成框架的測試，(c)選擇合適的校園話題情境作為問卷的基礎，(d)預試這些情境話題，(e)調整問卷內容作為正式的問卷。在作預試以前，研究者為了提高問卷的內部效度，特別安排了六位對於相關領域有研究的學者對來查驗問卷的內容。共有來自於二所大學的59位類似於正式研究的學生參與問卷的預試。經過信度與項目分析，許多不適合的題目有作調整。許多教學啟示與未來研究會作討論。

關鍵字

溝通障礙 ； 知覺 ； 文法能力 ； 語用能力

並列摘要

Many previous studies have pointed out that EFL learners tend to face communication breakdowns with native speakers because their traditional classroom and textbooks are not able to provide learners with sufficient pragmatically appropriate input. On the contrary, they are exposed to rich input of grammar instruction and tend to develop a higher awareness of grammatical competence. EFL learners may produce utterances that are perfectly grammatical, but they may violate social norms of the target language because they lack pragmatic competence (appropriateness of meaning) to support grammatical competence (appropriateness of form). Therefore, this study intended to develop an appropriate pragmatic and grammaticality judgment task to elicit Taiwanese university EFL learners' pragmatic awareness and grammatical awareness. The judgment task was developed in five stages: (a) identifying proper campus scenarios from EFL learners, (b) testing those scenarios through a discourse completion test (DCT) from Taiwanese university EFL learners, (c) selecting appropriate scenarios for the task, (d) piloting the task, and (e) making adjustments for the research instrument. Before conducting the pilot test, the researcher contacted six experts who were familiar with the areas of the field to examine the initial questionnaires and maximize the content validity for the instrument based on Delphi technique. The judgment task was pilot tested with 59 Taiwanese university students coming from two universities similar to those who were in the formal study. After running the reliability and item analysis, some items considered invalid were adjusted. Some implications and future research are discussed.

並列關鍵字

communication breakdown ； awareness ； grammatical competence ； pragmatic competence

參考文獻

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