近十年臺灣華語文系所發展之回顧與前瞻

Department of Chinese as a Second Language in Taiwan: Reviewing Its Development in Recent Decade and Future Prospect

孫劍秋(Chien-Chiu Sun) ； 何淑蘋(Shu-Ping Ho) ； 謝惠雯(Hui-Wen Hsieh)

《應華學報》 13期 (2013/06) Pp. 1-44

https://doi.org/10.6391/JAC.201306_(13).0001

摘要

隨著大陸崛起成為世界強權及國際重要經貿市場，世界各國為更深入了解這種成功的模式，於焉掀起華文學習風潮。同時，大陸官方傾力推動海外華語教育，在全球各地廣設孔子學院。建立機構、派遣人員，聲勢鼎沸。值此供需相互激盪的環境下，華文熱方興未艾，受到海內外高度重視。而臺灣長期肩負傳承中華文化的重責大任，始終堅持採行正體字，在漢字文化圈中居正統地位，對推廣華文不遺餘力。1985年起，教育部開始實施「中文教師輸出計畫」，每年選派教師前往各國，推動華語教育，傳遞文化種子。在華語教育方面，1995年國立臺灣師範大學創辦華語文教學研究所，成為臺灣第一個培養華語文專業人才的高教單位。嗣後在政府當局的鼓勵與學校的積極推動下，華語文相關系所紛紛成立；除專門華語文系所外，又結合校內各系固有師資，開設「學位學程」。整體而言，近十年來可謂蓬勃興盛，繽紛燦爛，快速推進臺灣華語文教育發展，大量增加華語教學或研究的人才。本文整理十年來華語文系所成立之情況，探討課程規劃、師資結構等，以資回顧臺灣華語文系所發展歷程；其次，展望未來，提出數項建議，冀供從事華語教育者參考。

關鍵字

華語文課程 ； 華語文師資培育 ； 華語文教學

並列摘要

With the rise of China as a major economic and trade power in the world, more and more countries are interested in its formula for success. Learning Chinese has been a global trend in recent years. In respond to the demands, the Chinese government has been dedicated to the promotion and teaching of Chinese language abroad. The Confucius Institue was established and has been continued to spread around the world. Teaching Chinese as a second language has received considerable attention. Taiwan has long prided itself on being the keeper and inheritor of traditional Chinese culture and insisted the use of traditional Chinese characters. Taiwan has a legitimate claim to be the dominator of the East Asian cultural sphere and take every effort to promote its language and culture. Since 1985, the Ministry of Education has initiated ”Taiwan Visiting Mandarin Teacher Program” to select and dispatch teaching staff glob ally, sowing the seeds of Chinese language and culture education. In terms of Chinese teacher preparation, National Taiwan Normal University founded the first professional Chinese teacher preparation program in higher education--the Graduate Institute of Teaching Chinese in 1995. Because of government encouragement and promotion of Chinese learning and teaching, more and more degree program in Chinese education and its related fields has sprung up in Taiwan, preparing substantial number of educators and researchers. This has marked a significant development of Chinese education in Taiwan over the past ten years. This study reviewed the development of Chinese education programs in Taiwan focusing on its curriculum design and faculty structure. It followed by a discussion of the implications of these findings and suggestions for future practitioners.

並列關鍵字

Department of Chinese as a Second Language ； Cultivation of Teacher Resource of Chinese ； Curriculum of Mandarin Education