日治時期社寮島的漁業發展與漁民生活

社寮島原為一傳統漁村，使用著傳統漁法，進入日治時期在漁業現代化之際，傳統漁業其漁法漁具有了改良，也帶來漁業的整體成長，當然亦使得當地漁民漁戶所得大致上已脫離糊口的年代，有較好的生活水平。1920年代中後期臺灣總督府為發展臺灣近海遠洋漁業等因素，於是興建基隆漁港，基隆漁港包括現今的正濱漁港及和平島漁港（即社寮島漁港），尤其基隆橋（今和平橋）完工通車後，其對社寮島漁業的經濟效益達到62.15%，效益可謂顯著。社寮島的漁業發展也為當地帶來鰹節（柴魚）製造業及修造船業等關聯產業，製造就業機會。日治時期社寮島有一沖繩聚落，大部分沖繩人從事漁業，甚至成立漁業組合，雖然曾授與島上漢人漁撈技術，惟與漢人仍有些漁業衝突，不過漁業衝突也發生在漢人之間，住民無非是要獲得更多的漁獲收入。由於是漁村，島上有天后宮與社靈廟，分別主祀媽祖與三府王爺，其遶境活動為當地盛事，參與者眾，端午龍舟比賽更讓社寮島名聞遐邇，如今它們仍是社寮島重要民俗活動，海洋文化觀光的重要亮點。

關鍵字

社寮島；漁業；基隆漁港；關聯產業；漁民生活

並列摘要

Sheliao Island was originally a traditional fishing village that relied on conventional fishing methods. The fishery industry was then modernized during the period of Japanese occupation, which improved traditional fishing methods and utilized new fishing equipment and experienced an overall economic expansion. Naturally, this growth of the fishing industry also increased the fishermen's income and enabled them, in many cases, to lift themselves up, beyond just making ends meet. In the mid-to-late 1920s, the Government of Taiwan built the Keelung Fishing Port for the development of inshore and offshore fisheries, as well as for the support of other industries in Taiwan. The Keelung Fishing Port includes the current Zhengb in Fishing Port and Heping Island Fishing Port (also known as Sheliao Island Fishing Port). After the Keelung Bridge (now called Heping Bridge) was built, Sheliao Island's fishery industry achieved a remarkable increase of 62.15% the following year. The growth in Sheliao Island's fishing industry also helped spawn new employment opportunities in the bonito flakes manufacturing company, in shipbuilding, and in other associated industries. During the Japanese occupation, there was an Okinawan settlement on Sheliao Island, most of whom were employed in the fishing industry. They even established an association of Okinawan fisherman. This group often shared fishing techniques with Han people on the island; however, relations between them and Han people were often contentious due to inherent competition. The people of Sheliao worshipped Mazu at Tianhou Palace and the King of the Three Provinces at SheLing Temple. Pilgrimage activities to these two temples tended to be grand local events where many people would participate. Dragon boat racing was also a popular event that made Sheliao Island famous. These folk celebrations on Sheliao Island are still significant annual celebrations and an important role in Taiwan's marine cultural tourism.