羅蒙諾索夫的北極航海夢

十八世紀的俄羅斯北極探索，被譽為是當世紀俄羅斯科學界最偉大的成就，雖然最早的概念是由外交官傑拉西莫夫（Герасимов Д.）在十六世紀時提出的，但能有如此輝煌的成就，除了歸功「俄羅斯尋海者」彼得大帝在航海政策上的擬定，聚焦整個俄羅斯帝國的心靈吶喊為「為俄羅斯尋找一條通暢的海路」，然因歐洲各國的阻撓，俄羅斯的出路隱約指向北方航路的試探，對北方航路的開通深信不已並熱情地作俄羅斯航海願景美夢的人，就是羅蒙諾索夫。本論文在探索俄羅斯北方航路開通的歷史軌跡中，聚焦羅蒙諾索夫對北方航路的貢獻，也將就羅蒙諾索夫時代的航海環境背景作一概略性的介紹，用以凸顯具有這樣的「北極航海夢」，並非人人可能，非凡的能力與大無畏的勇氣，讓這一位傳奇人物大膽追求如此偉大的夢想。正是其北冰洋航海夢，為其一生的核心願望，讓他看到俄羅斯的需要與未來，兢兢業業，奮戰不已。

關鍵字

羅蒙諾索夫；北方航道；北極航海夢

並列摘要

Discovery of Northern Pole in XVIII c. in Russia is acclaimed as the highest achievement in Russian scientific field in that century. Although the origin concept is proposed by a diplomat named Gerasimov D. in XVI c., the actual development was credited to Peter the Great who established the empire's marine policy aiming at 'finding a sea route for Russia'. In respond to the European obstruction against Russian's way to west, Russia turned to focus on searching for northern route. Firmly believing in the existence of the northern route and keeping the dream of sailing the Arctic, Lomonosov was the only man pursuing the vision of Peter the Great. This research aims to explore Lomonosov's contribution to the opening of northern route and introduce the sailing environment in Lomonosov's era. It shall be emphasized that Lomonosov relied on his courage and extraordinariness to live up such a dream of sailing the Arctic, that it is the internal 'Arctic sailing dream' that drove him to embark on the searching journey for Russia's future.

並列關鍵字

Lomonosov ； Northern passage ； The Sailing on Arctic dream

參考文獻

《北方海域旅行的簡述和從西伯利亞東海岸進入印度洋的通道》（Краткое описание разных путешествий по северным морям и показание возможного проходу Сибирским океаном в Восточную Индию）見 Сост., ред. Н. Бойко, Великий сын России: гражданин и патриот. М.: Родная страна, 2018。