古典詩中的海島書寫－以具奇美地景、多樣資源且豐贍人文的基隆和平島為例

古典詩的「海島書寫」研究，不僅可以從「象」的角度，深入了解海島自然與人文的特色，還可以從「意」的角度體察詩人與海島互動之心境與思維，而成為古典詩海洋書寫研究的新主題；同時，其所具現海島的生活空間、歷史記憶、時代情境、社會脈動等海島文化特徵，在史學方面亦可作為「海島文化」研究的印證與補充，更可以在思想方面成為了解作家的新取徑。座落於基隆港東北方的海島－和平島，舊稱社寮島，是一座與臺灣本島間以海溝相隔的孤島，東接八尺門，西界桶盤嶼；位居基隆港口的出入阨口，是海洋航線的必經之地，掌控著船舶的進出。此特殊的地理位置，使該島具有特殊的自然地貌與豐贍的人文內涵，自清代以來，即有不少古典詩人書寫其靈視下和平島特殊的自然或人文，極具研究價值。可惜，目前研究文學或古典詩的學術文獻中，大多仍以整個「基隆地區」的書寫為研究範疇，未見有針對「和平島」的書寫進行深入研究者，顯見古典詩中關於海島－「和平島」的書寫，仍存在極大的研究空間。本論文即針對和平島相關的古典詩作近百首，具體而深入地掘出古典詩人眼中和平島奇美的地景、多樣的資源、豐贍的人文等特色，以及詩人與和平島互動下的不同心境與思維；同時，還從中體察出該島因兼具開放性、交流性、吸納性、複合性、包容性等海島文化特徵而形成多元多樣的海島文化之核心意象。從而在海洋古典詩學的新主題、史學的印證與補充、作家思想理解的新路徑等學術價值上作出一些貢獻。

關鍵字

古典詩；海島書寫；基隆；和平島；海洋詩學；海島文化

並列摘要

The study of ＂island writing＂ in classical poetry not only provides a deeper understanding of an island's natural and cultural characteristics from the perspective of ＂imagery,＂ but also offers a closer observation of a poet's mentality and thinking amidst interactions with an island from the perspective of ＂meaning.＂ It has thus become a new theme in the study of ocean writing in classical poetry. In the meantime, the characteristics of island cultures, such as living space, historical memory, time situation and social development, presented in classical poetry can also serve as evidence and supplements for the study of ＂island culture＂ in historiography as well as a new approach to understanding writers in regard to ideology. Located to the northeast of Keelung Harbor, Heping Island, previously known as Sheliao Island, is an island separated from Taiwan by a trench. It borders Bachimen on the east and Tongpan Island on the west. As Keelung Harbor's gateway, it commands a pivotal location on ocean routes and controls the entry and exit of ships. Such a special geographical location has endowed the island with unique natural landscapes and rich cultural heritage. Since the Qing Dynasty, the distinctive nature and culture of Heping Island has been a recurring theme in classical poems, which are of great research value. Unfortunately, most of the previous research on literature or classical poetry has focused on the entire ＂Keelung area.＂ There has been no in-depth research on the writing of ＂Heping Island＂ so far, which entails great research potential for the writing of ＂Heping Island＂ in classical poetry. In this thesis, we study nearly one hundred classical poems related to Heping Island, to thoroughly explore the grotesque landscapes, diverse resources, and rich cultures of Heping Island depicted by classical poets, as well as their different mentality and thinking amidst interactions with the island. Furthermore, we have discovered that the island is characterized by diversity, the core image of island cultures, due to the various island culture characteristics it possesses, such as openness, interactivity, absorptiveness, complexity and inclusion. By proposing a new theme in classical ocean poetry, new evidence and supplements for historiography, as well as a new approach to understanding writers' lines of thought, we seek to make valuable academic contributions.