論不自證己罪原則－歐洲法整合趨勢及我國法發展之評析

不自證己罪乃「普遍被承認的人權標準」，也是包括我國在內世界各國共同繼受的法治國遺產，但是除了「不得強制刑事被告作出自我人罪的供述」這個核心內涵之外，到處都是爭論，這些爭論也成爲世界各內國法院及國際人權法院共同面對的課題。本文從不自證己罪原則出發，以歐洲人權公約及歐洲人權法院的標竿裁判爲例，解析歐洲人權法院如何具體實中踐這項跨國性的人權基準，以及如何影饗歐盟刑事法的整合，最後回過頭思索，在歷史上繼受西方法制的我國法，可以從這些階段性的整合成果得到什麼啟發。

關鍵字

不自證己罪；緘默權；主動基準；歐洲人權公約；歐洲人權法院；歐盟刑事法典

並列摘要

The Principle of ”nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare” is a generally recognized criteria of human rights and it is a patrimony of Rule of Law which is commonly succeeded to all the countries, including Taiwan. However, there are full of controversies in the conception except for the vital content that no person shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself. These controversies become issues to which all the domestic courts and international courts of human rights commonly face up. We start from the principle of ”nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare” analyze how the European Court of Human Rights actually put the transnational criteria of human rights into practice on the basis of European Convention on Human Rights and important judgement of European Court of Human Rights, and how they affect the integration for criminal law and criminal procedural law of European Union. Finally, we should return to ponder that we can get any inspiration from the results of the integration in this stage in our law, which succeeded occidental legal system in the history.

並列關鍵字

nemo tenetur ； nemo tenetur se ipsum accusare ； right to remain silent ； privilege against self-incrimination ； Corpus Juris Europenan Court of Human Rights ； European Convention on Human Rights