2010年刑事程序法發展回顧：開啟正當法律程序革命之紀元

Developments in the Law in 2010: Criminal Procedure Law

王兆鵬(Jaw-Perng Wang)

《臺大法學論叢》 40卷S期 (2011/10) Pp. 1843-1876

https://doi.org/10.6199/NTULJ.2011.40.SP.11

摘要

本文就99年度之大法官解釋、法律變動以及最高法院判決，擇其對刑事程序有重要影響者，而為介紹、評論。大法官99年度有兩則重要解釋，一為宣告受刑人刑滿釋放期日之規定違憲，另一為宣告受刑人假釋救濟程序應檢討改進。此二則解釋，糾正過去長久之違憲或不當實務，但並無創新或突破性之理論見解。與此不同者，最高法院則出現許多大放異彩之判決，罕見地展現最終審法院應有之高度與智慧，非但掌握人權保障之最高價值，亦處處關懷弱勢族群在訴訟中之困境。就自白、訊問、人身自由、拘提與搜索之界限、起訴書之功能與效果、二審上訴之辯護權等重大議題，最高法院開創新的理論見解，頗有引領我國邁入正當法律程序革命之氣勢。刑事妥速審判法在99年度完成立法，在法制史上極為重要，惜哉此立意甚佳的一套新法，卻因為司法院的顢頇與短視，反為多數學者、實務人士所詬病，認為該法不能解決我國審判遲延問題。刑事訴訟法亦修正，明文准許遭拘捕之被告，有與辯護人一小時之接見權，偵查機關原則上不得限制之，此乃台灣人權發展的一大進步，非常值得記載。

關鍵字

速審權 ； 辯護人接見 ； 搜索 ； 自白 ； 起訴書 ； 假釋 ； 受刑人

並列摘要

The paper reviews and analyzes the important developments in Taiwan's criminal procedural laws in 2010, especially focusing on the impacts of the Constitutional Court's decisions, newly amendments to statutes, and Supreme Court's decisions. The Constitutional Court held unconstitutional the provision of the Prison Act which allows the prison to hold a prisoner one more day after he/she has served his term. The other case involves a Supreme Administration Court's decision which declared that when the Ministry of Justice revokes a parole, the parolee could not seek immediate court's remedy until he/she is put back into the jail. The Constitution Court held the Supreme Administration Court's decision improper, although constitutional, and asked the authorities to add more human right protections to the current law. In legislature, Taiwan passed the Speedy Trial Act, the first and only specific law to protect the defendant's right to a speedy trial. Under the new Act, the prosecutor's right to appeal an acquittal to the Supreme Court is either prohibited or restricted in certain circumstance. A defendant could also get the remedy of reduced sentence if his/her right to a speedy has been violated. In addition, a new amendment to the Code of Criminal Procedure now explicitly allows the arrestee to meet his lawyer for an hour at the police station. As to the Supreme Court, several landmark decisions have been delivered to protect the human rights in confessions, search and seizure, indictment, an effective assistance of counsel, and etc. The Supreme Court seemingly intends to lead Taiwan to the revolution in due process of law.

並列關鍵字

speedy trial ； right to counsel ； confession ； search and seizure ； indictment ； parole ； prisoner's rights