在二十世紀確立程序正義之獨立價值以後,隨著新世紀之到來,二十一世紀我國民事訴訟制度係立足於承認當事人之主體性,更進一步朝向落實適時審判與程序參與之程序正義理念。部分實務裁判亦能相應於制度之變革,意識到程序利益保護及突襲性裁判防免之重要性。在2011年底立法通過之家事事件法亦延續民事訴訟法之改革,以尊重程序主體、保護程序利益、維護程序經濟、統一解決紛爭及謀求法安定性等觀點作為立法意旨,更充實程序主體之聽審請求權保障。向來在非訟程序由於採取職權主義,並未意識到聽審請求權保障之必要性,就程序主體之程序保障較為不足,因此,家事事件法中有關程序主體權保障之相關規定,亦得作為將來就非訟事件法為進一步改革之基礎。不過,關於集團利益保護所涉及集團訴訟或團體訴訟之問題,如何使此類紛爭之處理能滿足上述之適時審判及程序參與之程序正義,仍然為當今民事訴訟制度之一大挑戰。而在未提昇第一審法院裁判之信服度以前,亦不宜貿然限制審級救濟權利。在法制基礎已較完備之今日,展望未來更為重要的問題是:如何能強化法官之養成教育,使其能本於立法者之意旨,基於上述之程序主體論、程序保障論及適時審判論等觀點而為適當之程序形成及運作,以使訴訟制度能更為國民所容易親近、利用。
The independent value of procedural justice has been recognized since the middle of the 20th century. To achieve procedural justice the new civil procedure system in Taiwan is based on the concept of protection of parties' subjectivity, which means that both parties shall be treated equally and heard in an equally timely manner. On one side, parties can value their own material and procedural interests and then decide the scope of facts and evidences in the procedure. On the other side, judges shall pay attention to providing parties the proper opportunities to supply the facts, evidence and legal opinions. The new Family Procedure Law also reflects these concepts of the new Code of Civil Procedure. However, there is still a big challenge for civil courts to deal with aggregate litigations involving group interests and individual interests.