2011年行政法發展回顧

本文係對於2011年實務見解之回顧，在與「學界回顧」有所區別之同時，為維持一定之學術性，故選材以具有「理論上重要性」者為主，除非絕對必要，否則不涉及僅具「事件重要性」之重大法律事件。其範疇以行政法總論為限，大體上包括立法動向、大法官解釋以及行政法院判決三大領域。首先，就立法動向言之，其成效並不顯著，但主要仍完成行政法人法的制定，以及行政訴訟法的修正。其次，就司法院大法官解釋而言，本年內於共做成釋字第684號至釋字第695號等12號解釋，在公法領域留下重要的足跡。大法官解釋在我國受到重視的程度年勝一年，此一方面固由於其最高有權解釋機關的性質所致，但在另一方面實亦因為其在民主、法治建設上確有貢獻有以致之。最後，就行政法院之判決觀之，近年來行政法院之判決時有佳構出現，顯見專業法官在繁忙之餘，其學術素養固已不容小覷；而於判決中亦時而引用學界之見解以實其說，質諸學界亦定時或不定時舉行「實務研討會」之情形，顯見學術與實務之交流日益密切，在學理堅實之行政法院法官日益增多之今日，學界如不能在學術廣度與密度上有所建樹，對實務界之影響終有式微之虞，可不奮起！除行政法院判決外，各級訴願決定、保訓會之復審決定等，依作者過去之經驗，當必亦有甚多具備學理上之重要性者，只以時間有限、人力不足，只能期諸將來。

關鍵字

行政法院；行政法人法；行政訴訟法；大法官解釋；行政法

並列摘要

This article analyzes the development of administrative law in practice in 2011. Though not a review of academic literatures, this analysis intends to maintain its academic quality by selecting those materials important in theory and not in event itself. Selected from the field of general principles of administrative law, the materials include the following three major sources: recent legislations, Interpretations of Constitutional Court (Grand Justices) and Administrative Court decisions. Among not so many cases, the enactment of Administrative Juristic Persons Act and amendment of Administrative Court Proceedings Act are two major achievements. Regarding constitutional interpretations, the Constitutional Court rendered a total of 12 Interpretations (No. 684 to No. 695) in 2011 and addressed many issues of importance on public law issues. Being the highest and final court, the Constitutional Court has long been recognized for its positive contribution to the democracy and rule of law in Taiwan. As to the Administrative Courts, they have produced many more decisions of good quality in recent years, indicating their improving research capacity, in spite of heavy workload. In their decisions, the Courts have cited more and more scholarly works to reinforce their opinions. On the other hand, the academia has been holding seminars to discuss the court decisions from time to time. It is obvious that there have been more interchanges between both sides than ever. In response to the improving research capacity of the Administrative Courts, the academia has to advance its breadth and depth in its research so that it may continue to have a positive influence on the practice. Other than the court decisions, many decisions of Administrative Appeal Commissions as well as of Civil Service Protection and Training Commission are also worth studying for their academic significance. Due to the limits of time and human resources, further research on them could only be expected in the future.