唐代小說跨文類敘事模式初探－以述夢作品為中心

The Approach of Narratives of Tang Dynasty's Cross-Genre Short Stories and Novels: A Research on Dream-Narration Literary Works

莊蕙綺(Huei-Chi Chuang)

《玄奘人文學報》 8期 (2008/07) Pp. 249-278

https://doi.org/10.29956/HCHJ.200807.0009

摘要

唐代小說在六朝志怪的基礎上發展，出現了標誌著文言小說完全成熟的傳奇作品。唐人小說在中國小說發展史上佔有如此重要的地位，它的形式結構、藝術特色究竟是如何呈現的?本文嘗試使用現代文學批評方法「敘事學(narratology)」的理論框架，釐析唐人小說的敘事模式，並考察唐傳奇靈活運用散文、詩歌、史傳三種文類寫作的特殊體製。在本文篩選上，則以述夢作品爲研究對象，因爲在唐代小說各類主題之中，夢幻結構是極爲重要的一類，文人透過寫作夢境抒發獨特的生命體驗，表達心底隱微的願望，如〈枕中記〉、〈南柯太守傳〉等即爲述夢小說的代表作。藉由本文的分析，讀者可清楚透視唐人小說的敘事結構與敘述方法；並可明瞭唐人小說跨文類的情形。

關鍵字

唐代小說 ； 傳奇 ； 述夢類小說 ； 敘事模式 ； 跨文類

並列摘要

Based on the development of the literary records on the supernatural in the Six Dynasties (220A0-589AD), during the Tang dynasty (618AD-917AD), novel had reached its mature form that contains a complete structure, known as Chuan-Chi (Legends). Tang's Chuan-chi plays an important role in the Chinese novel development history. But the question is: what is the uniqueness of Chuan-chi's artistic structure? This paper applies narratology approach as a study frame, analyzing Chuan-chi's patter of narratives as well as its unique artistic form of blending prose, poem and history. Due to the fact that dream-narration is one of the key forms of Chuan-chi, this paper thus focuses on the dream-narration literary works that are expressions of scholars’ personal life experiences and desires such as 'Nan-Kou Tai-Sou Chuan (A Legend of the Magistrate of Nan-Kou)' and 'Chen-Chong-Chi (A Legend of Life in A Pillow).' It is hoped that this paper can help the readers to realize better how and why Chuan-chi is considered to be cross-genre.

並列關鍵字

Tang Short Stories and Novels ； Tang Chuan-Chi ； Dream-Narration Literary Works ； Narratology ； Cross-Genre