「論唐代節俗詩」－以上巳、寒食、清明節考析

A Study on Tang Custom-related Poetry--Analyzing and Comparing with Poems about Shangsi, Hanshi, and Qingming Festival

陳忠業(Chung-Yeh Chen)

《玄奘人文學報》 10期 (2010/07) Pp. 87-116

https://doi.org/10.29956/HCHJ.201007.0004

摘要

唐朝是中國最興盛的一個朝代，有強大的文治武功，經濟繁榮，士庶生活樂利，因此各種節俗活動在此時非常豐富，從唐詩中就可看見詩人即事賦詩，因此研究唐朝的節俗活動內泊從唐詩入門，將是一種事半功倍的方式；本論題靜、從唐詩裡的上巳、寒食、清明節俗詩考析，李唐百官庶民百姓的紀念性活動之情形，進而明暸當時的節慶習俗，以強化研究意涵；藉此研究認識唐帝國對上述三節喜樂的過節習俗，以暸解三節俗流變的情形。並檢視台灣上巳、寒食、清明節俗與古禮之差異；台灣在節俗上仍有部分人士過三月三的習慣，上巳其實到宋朝以後便逐漸不受官方重視。寒食培墓吃冷食春卷(潤餅)的節俗活動依舊存在，目前大部分台灣居民仍依循清初時期的過節實況，將這三個節日合而為一，謂清明掃墓節，以維持慎終追遠的禮敬行為。

關鍵字

節俗詩 ； 上巳 ； 寒食 ； 清明

並列摘要

Tang Dynasty is one of the most well-thriven Chinese dynasties. In Tang Dynasty, the bureaucracy, military, economy, public policies, etc. were under extremely good circumstance. Hence, people for the time being were leading their lives very happily, and moreover, they had developed a variety of traditional customs and festivals. By doing a research on the Tang poetry, we could see that Tang poets were very good at writing new poems as soon as they saw or realized something special happening in their daily life. Thus, it is an appropriate way to doing the research on Tang customs and festivals by studying and learning further about Tang poetry. Analyzing the Tang poems related to the customs and festivals, this essay, generally speaking, is about three traditional festivals--Shangsi, Hanshi, and Qingming, as well as what Tang people do during those three festivals. And it is expected to find out and realize more about the culture, customs, and festivals at that time.