This study aims at examining the statuses, relationships and mediator among life attitude, self-concept and well-being of primary school pupils. This study based on literature analysis results and made hypothetical models which self-concept as mediate variable for life attitude and well-being. A survey designed by the authors was administered to 1088 third to sixth grade pupils form central and southern area of Taiwan by cluster sampling. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlation and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicate that pupils posit at the middle levels of life attitude, self-concept, well-being, and show a significant positive correlation among the three variables. Meanwhile, the effect of life attitude on well-being is mediated by self-concept. Basing on these findings, it is recommended that elementary school children should promote physical-self identity. And the affect of self-concept on the relationship between life attitude and well-being can not be ignored.