六龜試驗林中寮溪泥砂啟動推估

Incipient Motion Estimation of Sediment on the Chungliao Creek at Liukuei Experimental Forest of Southern Taiwan

盧惠生(Hui-Sheng Lu) ； 林壯沛(Jaung-Pey Lin) ； 黃良鑫(Liang-Shin Hwang) ； 林介龍(Chieh-Lung Lin) ； 王秋嫻(Chiu-Hsien Wang)

《坡地防災學報》 6卷1期 (2007/06) Pp. 1-18

https://doi.org/10.29995/JSHR.200706.0001

摘要

本文以降雨－延時－頻率及設計雨型歷線推估式，採用徑流曲線指數法暴雨流量推估模式，推估中寮溪集水區不同頻率年洪峰流量，再以現有不同河床質泥砂啟動推估式，推估可能移動之最大河床質泥砂粒徑。不同河床質泥砂啟動推估式，以Shields、Mavis & Laushey、Neill及Yang等4種方法推算最大泥砂啟動粒徑頗為接近，而Carstens方法推算最大泥砂啟動粒徑遠小於其他4種方法。
根據Shields、Mavis & Laushey、Neill及Yang等4種推算之平均最大泥砂啟動粒徑，獲悉中寮溪集水區頻率年：1、2.33、5、10、20、25、50、100年；洪峰流量：41.4 cms、49.5 cms、60.1 cms、70.1 cms、81.4 cms、85.4 cms、98.8 cms、114.0 cms；最大泥砂啟動粒徑：23.9 cm、26.8 cm、30.3 cm、33.4 cm、36.7 cm、37.9 cm、41.5 cm、45.5 cm。
不同頻率年之最大泥砂啟動粒徑%變化與坡度%變化均成相同的比率，最大泥砂啟動粒徑%變化隨坡度%變化的敏感度，以Neill較大、Shields其次、Carstens再其次、Yang與Mavis & Laushey相同為最小。最大泥砂啟動粒徑%變化與洪峰流量%變化成正比，最大泥砂啟動粒徑%變化隨洪峰流量%變化的敏感度，以Neill較大、Mavis & Laushey與Carstens及Yang相同居中、Shields法最小。然整體而言，最大泥砂啟動粒徑%增加的敏感度比坡度%增加或洪峰流量%增加的敏感度為小。

關鍵字

泥砂啟動 ； 洪峰流量 ； 中寮溪

並列摘要

In this study, estimating peak flows of different recurrence years at Chungliao creek within Liukuei experimental forest of southern Taiwan was carried out with rainfall depth-duration-frequency and design hyetograph estimated equations as well as SCS curve number storm flow model. Then, incipient motion of sediment on Chungliao creek was estimated with different current incipient motion methods. The estimated particle sizes of different current incipient motion methods were rather similar for Shields, Mavis & Laushey, Neill and Yang methods. The estimated particle sizes of Carstens method were less than those of the above four methods. Particle sizes of incipient motions increased as slopes increased. As recurrence years were 1, 2.33, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 years, peak flows were 41.4 cms, 49.5 cms, 60.1 cms, 70.1 cms, 81.4 cms, 85.4 cms, 98.8 cms, 114.0 cms, and particle sizes of incipient motion of sediments being averaged by Shields, Mavis & Laushey, Neill and Yang methods were 23.9 cm, 26.8 cm, 30.3 cm, 33.4 cm, 36.7 cm, 37.9 cm, 41.5 cm, 45.5 cm. The sensitivity orders of particle sizes of incipient motion responding to slopes under different methods were as follows: Neills at first, Shields at second, Carstens at third, Yang and Marvis & Laushey at last. Particle sizes of incipient motions increased as peak flows increased. The sensitivity orders of particle sizes of incipient motion responding to peak flows under different methods were as follows: Neills at first, Marvis & Laushey and Carstens as well as Yang at second, Shields at last. Overall, particle sizes of incipient motions increased faster than slopes and peak flows increased.

並列關鍵字

Incipient motion of sediment ； Peak flow ； Chungliao creek