中央大學的國民黨組識與國共鬥爭(1927-1949)

從1927至1949年，國立中央大學（南京，抗戰期間內遷重慶）校園內始終存在國民黨組織。戰前，雖然國民政府在教育行政層面加強對高等教育的統制，但中央大學內的國民黨組織力量十分薄弱，區黨部組織與學校行政當局幾無制度關聯。相反地，校方往往對黨部的各種活動每多掣肘。同時期，中共組織在首都難以生存。抗戰爆發後，中央大學出現一個新的變化，就是中國國民黨、三民主義青年團在校內建立直屬區分部和支團部。這不僅是校內黨團組織隸屬關係的改變，更表明國民黨組織力量的擴張。同時，中共組織也在校內重建。總體而言，越到抗戰後期，中共公開的組織發展和活動就越處於劣勢。然而，校內中共及左翼學生團體的潛在力量始終沒有被徹底摧毀，並在戰後得以延續和加強，另一方面，戰時國民黨和三青團勢力在校園迅速擴展，黨團員數量和活動在短時間內堪稱可觀；但從政治操作層面觀之，國民黨和三青團在校園內動員力量尚屬有限。戰後，中大校內的國民黨和三青團組織並未因實行「憲政」而退出學校，同時中共地下黨和外圍組織在校內恢復，活動能力陡增。在內戰的背景下，校內政治鬥爭愈益激烈。

關鍵字

國立中央大學；中國國民黨；三民主義青年團；中國共產黨

並列摘要

From 1927 to 1949, Kuomingtang organizations maintained a constant presence at National Central University (Nanjing and Chongqing). However, before the Resistance War against Japan, these organizations were very weak. There were no substantial relations between the KMT organizations and school authorities on the NCU campus. On the contrary, the activities of KMT organizations were often restrained by the school authorities. At the same time, the Chinese Communist Party's presence was minimal. Then after the outbreak of the war, the KMT and the Three People's Principles Youth League increased their presence at NCU, as did the CCP. Although the CCP weakened over the course of the war, the potential powers of the CCP and the left-wing student groups had not been destroyed completely, and after the war they were extended and strengthened. On the other hand, the forces of the KMT and the League at NCU expanded rapidly during the war as their campus membership increased and their activities became more spectacular. However, at the actual level of political manipulation, the mobilization of the KMT and the League was still very limited. After the Resistance War, the KMT and the League and the CCP's underground and satellite organizations both became more active at NCU. And during the civil war, the KMT-CCP political struggle became very intense.