手部條件與提攜範圍對於提攜能力之效應

Effects of hand condition and carrying range for carrying capacity

吳水丕(Swei-Pi Wu) ； 陳弘(Hong Chen)

《工作與休閒學刊》 5卷2期 (2018/03) Pp. 135-146

https://doi.org/10.6848/JWL.201803_5(2).0003

摘要

人工物料搬運(MMH)所造成之下背痛及肌肉骨骼傷害已被確認為造成產業損失的主要來源之一。過去有關提攜作業的研究大多以雙手提攜為主，而有關單手的提攜研究較為缺乏。本研究使用心物法來探討在不同的提攜範圍下，單手和雙手最大可承受的提攜能力。共有15 位男性受試者參與實驗，每位受試者以隨機化的順序模擬八種提攜作業，自變項為手部條件(單手、雙手)和提攜範圍(F-F、F-K、K-F、K-K)，依變項為最大可承受提攜重量(MAWC)，心搏率增量(ΔHR)，以及主觀知覺施力評量(RPE)。結果發現：(1)手部條件對於MAWC、ΔHR、整體RPE、手腕RPE、手臂RPE、肩膀RPE、背部RPE 及全身RPE 均有顯著的效應，單手的MAWC 約為雙手的70%左右，單手的ΔHR與整體RPE 均顯著大於雙手；(2)提攜範圍對於MAWC、ΔHR、整體RPE、手腕RPE、手臂RPE、肩膀RPE、背部RPE 及全身RPE 均有顯著的效應，MAWC 大小依序為K-K、K-F、F-K、F-F。ΔHR 與RPE 依序為F-F、F-K、K-F、K-K；(3)手部條件與提攜範圍對於MAWC、整體RPE 具有顯著的交互效應，最佳的提攜組合以「雙手x K-K」的MAWC最大、整體RPE 最小。整體而言，本研究建議以雙手進行提攜範圍為K-K 的提攜作業，如必須使用單手進行提攜，亦以K-K 範圍為最佳。

關鍵字

人工物料搬運 ； 結合式提攜作業 ； 手部條件 ； 提攜範圍 ； 心物法

並列摘要

Manual materials handling (MMH) that causes lower back pain and musculoskeletal damage has been confirmed to be one of the sources that lead to industrial losses. In the past, most of the studies on the carrying tasks were mainly carried on two hands and the research on one-handed carrying was scarce. This study used the psychophysical method to explore the maximum acceptable carrying capacity of one hand and two hands under different carrying ranges. A total of 15 male subjects were recruited to take part in the experiment. Each participant simulated eight types of tasks in a randomized order. The independent variables were hand conditions (one hand and two hands) and carrying range (F-F, F-K, K-F, K-K).The dependent vaniablts were MAWC, ΔHR, and RPE. The results showed that: (1) The hand condition showed significant effects on MAWC, ΔHR, overall RPE, wrist RPE, arm RPE, shoulder RPE, back RPE , and whole-body RPE. The MAWC of one hand accounted for about 70% that of two hands. The ΔHR and the overall RPE of one hand were both higher than those of two hands；(2) The carrying range showed significant effects on MAWC,ΔHR, overall RPE, wrist RPE, arm RPE, shoulder RPE, back RPE, and whole-body RPE . The MAWCs ranked in order are: K-K, K-F, F-K, and F-F. Both ΔHR and RPE ranked in order are F-F、F-K、K-F、K-K；(3) The hand condition and carrying range showed significant interaction on MAWC and overall RPE. The best carrying combination is K-K carrying range with two hands and which produced the highest MAWC and the lowest overall RPE. Overall, this study suggests using both hands to carry the K-K range task. If you must use one hand for carrying, also K-K range is the best.

並列關鍵字

manual materials handling ； combined carrying tasks ； hand conditions ； carrying range ； phychophysics

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