臺灣著作財產權保護期間延長之影響－以跨太平洋夥伴協定為中心

The Impacts of Copyright Protection Term Extension in Taiwan —Focusing on Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement

鄭閔謙(Min-Chien Cheng) ； 葉德輝(De-Huei Ye)

《嶺東財經法學》 9期 (2016/12) Pp. 263-323

摘要

近年來全球區域經濟整合之情形蓬勃發展，其中以跨太平洋夥伴協定(TPP)為臺灣目前正積極準備加入，希望簽署之區域貿易協定。依美國公布之TPP本文第18.63條規定，所有會員國之著作權保護期間，若以自然人之生存期間為基準者，至少存續至著作人終身及其死亡後70年。相對而言，臺灣著作權法第30條則規範'著作財產權保護期間原則上為著作人終身及其死亡後50年。此與上述TPP之要求有別，因此，本文主要探討未來臺灣若加入TPP時，延長著作財產權保護期間之影響為何。本文第貳章謹先探討TPP之發展歷程與現況，以及TPP對著作權保護期間之規範。其次，本文第參章針對日本及新加坡之著作權保護期間制度進行研究，了解該國對著作權保護期間之現行規範'以及延長保護期間產生之問題，並以外國之經驗作為參考，得出延長著作財產權保護期間之可能影響。本文第肆章則回歸探討臺灣著作財產權保護期間制度，並進一步說明臺灣若加入TPP而延長著作財產權保護期間之後續影響。最後，本文第伍章歸納出延長著作財產權保護期間可能使臺灣文化公共領域萎縮、不利於我國文化產業參與國際競爭、提高讀者之文化消費成本，以及市面上作品傾向均質化等影響。並就以上影響提出建議，包括是否恢復著作權自願登記制度、有條件限制著作人格權之行使、促進文化創意產業多樣性發展，以及學習新加坡訂定著作財產權保護期間之過渡條款。期盼能在臺灣面臨延長著作財產權保護期間之時，提供因應措施及對策。

關鍵字

跨太平洋夥伴協定 ； 著作權期間延長法案 ； 著作權登記 ； 著作財產權 ； 著作權保護期間

並列摘要

In recent years, the global circumstance of regional economic integration is flourishing. Among them is the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), in which Taiwan is actively preparing to join. According to TPP Article 18.63 published by the United States, each TPP party shall provide that during the term of copyright protection, if the duration of the term is to be calculated on the basis of the life of a natural person, the term shall be not less than the life of the author and seventy years after the author's death. However, Taiwan has a different provision. According to Taiwan's Copyright Act Article 30, economic rights endure for the life of the author and fifty years after the author's death. Therefore, this article primarily focuses on the impact of Taiwan extending its copyright protection term when joining TPP. In chapter two this article discusses the development history, and current situation of TPP. Chapter two also describes specifications of the copyright protection term. chapter three introduces the current regulations with respect to the copyright term in different countries, including Japan and Singapore. This article uses the experiences of other countries as a reference to understand the impacts of extending the term of copyright protection. Chapter four explores existing norms and the evolution of the system on copyright protection term in Taiwan and further illustrates the impacts of its extension in Taiwan if joined the TPP. Finally, chapter six draws four conclusions on the impacts of copyright protection term extension in Taiwan: leading to cultural public domain atrophy, having disadvantage in participating in international competition, increasing readers' cultural consumption cost, and shifting the market toward homogenization. In addition, this article tries to provide some recommendations for the next amendment, such as recovering voluntary copyright registration system, having conditional restrictions on the exercise of moral rights, promoting diversity development of cultural and creative industries, and following the example of Singapore in legislating the transitional provisions for the copyright protection term.

並列關鍵字

Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement ； Copyright Term Extension Act ； Copyright Registration ； Economic Rights ； Copyright Protection Term