中國大陸監察法中的留置措施問題研究

Study on the detention measures in China' Supervision Law

陳銘聰(Chen, Mingtsung)

《嶺東財經法學》 11期 (2018/12) Pp. 42-99

摘要

留置作為中國大陸國家監察體制改革所出現的新措施，應當由最高國家權力機關以法律的形式加以詳細規定，而對於留置措施的適用，也應從各方面進行嚴格的監督，以符合《憲法》第33條人權保障的規定和第37條人身自由不受侵犯的規定。因此，《監察法》中的留置措施應當考慮其限制人身自由的特殊措施特性，明確其適用條件、範圍、實施程序與規則等問題，同時還應建立監督制約機制以及救濟程序，以保障留置措施在保障人權基礎上能夠充分發揮調查需要的功能，並防止其濫用。自中共十八屆四中全會提出全面依法治國的戰略目標以來，通過依憲治國、依憲執政，和一系列法律制度建設與完善；而中共十九大報告中,再度強調堅持全面依法治國，並明確提出用留置取代兩規措施。留置措施在一定程度限制被調查人的人身自由，涉及人身自由保障，因此，留置的內涵和性質如何確定，留置的運行如何規範，相關人的權利保障，關係到對監察機關調查活動的順利進行和國家監察體制改革的整體成效，以及達成全面依法治國的改革目標。

關鍵字

監察法 ； 留置 ； 兩規 ； 監察委員會 ； 依法治國

並列摘要

Detention is a new measure in the reform of China's mainland supervision system, which should be specified by the state's highest legislature in the form of law. In respect of the application of the Detention, strict supervision should be carried out in all aspects, in accordance with the provisions of the ＂article 37 of the constitution＂ as the protection of the personal freedom of the citizen. Detention should consider its special characteristics of measures that restrict personal freedom to clarify its applicable conditions, scope, implementation program and rules and other issues, but also should establish the supervision mechanism and relief procedure, to ensure the retention can give full play to the function of the protection of human rights in the investigation in order to prevent misuse. Since the Communist Party of China put forward the strategic goal of ruling the country by law in the fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, it has built up and perfected a series of legal systems by administering the country according to constitution and ruling by constitution. In the nineteen major reports, adhering to the rule of law in an all-round way is clearly regarded as one of the basic strategies for the fourteen new era to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, how to determine the connotation and nature of detention by the indwelling operation how to regulate, in relation to the investigation on the supervisory organ can proceed smoothly, protect the rights of people, related to the overall effect of the reform of national supervision system, and achieve the rule of law and building a socialist country under the rule of law strategy and strategic goals.

並列關鍵字

supervision law ； detention ； shuanggui ； the supervisory committee ； rule of law