不同地面起跳動作之下肢肌電圖分析

Electromyographic Analysis of Lower Limbs on Takeoff Motion at Different Surfaces

陳膺成

《屏東教大體育》 15期 (2012/06) Pp. 269-279

摘要

目的：透過肌電訊號的分析，以了解選手在沙地與硬地球場進行起跳動作時，在下蹲期、上升期與著地期等階段，其右腳主要作用肌群活化情形的差異。方法：以5名男子大專一般組排球選手為研究對象（年齡20.27±0.54歲，身高177.3±2.15cm，體重75.1±3.56kg，球齡3.3±0.16年），以Noraxon無線肌電量測系統來收集受試者在硬地與沙地起跳動作時，右腳脛前肌、內側腓腸肌、外側腓腸肌、股直肌與股二頭肌在不同階段的肌電訊號群，並以Noraxon分析軟體加以分析。結果：下蹲期與上升期的起跳作用階段，內外側腓腸肌與股二頭肌在上升期皆出現最大的活化現象，而股直肌則是在下蹲期就出現最大的肌肉活化現象。在著地階段脛前肌負責著地初期的緩衝，所以脛前肌在此階段有最大肌肉活化現象，接著就是內外腓腸肌的作用，所以內外腓腸肌的肌肉活化在此階段也較接近上升期的最大值，因此強化小腿肌群的力量，將可有效的達到緩衝的效果。結論：在下蹲期、上升期和著地期，脛前肌、內外腓腸肌、股直肌和股二頭肌的肌肉活化現象，雖然變化趨勢在二種場地都差不多，但是在硬地起跳時都明顯大於沙地，這也應證了受試者不適應沙地的地質特性，導致在沙地起跳時降低了下肢肌群的肌肉活化，進而影響其跳躍能力。

關鍵字

排球場地 ； 起跳動作 ； 肌電圖

並列摘要

Purpose: through the EMG analysis, in order to understand the lower limb action potential difference of players jump on sand and hard surface during the downward phase, upward phase, and landing phase. Methods: The participants were 5 college volleyball players (age 20.27±0.54 years old, 177.3±2.15cm height, 75.1±3.56kg weight, playing experience 3.3±0.16 years). Examine the Noraxon wireless EMG system to collect when jump on sand and hard surface. Right tibialis Anterior, gastrocnemius medial head, gastrocnemius lateral head, rectus femoris, biceps femoris were analyzed by Noraxon during different phases. Results: During downward phase and upward phase, gastrocnemius medial head, gastrocnemius lateral head, biceps femoris all present the greatest activation phenomenon in the upward phase, rectus femoris present greatest activate the phenomenon in the downward phase. The tibialis Anterior is responsible for the buffer of initial stage of landing during the landing phase, so the tibialis Anterior has the greatest action phenomenon at this phase. Then it is the function of the gastrocnemius medial head, gastrocnemius lateral head, so these muscle activate in this phase rising to close the maximum valum, and enhance the strength of shank muscles, the very effective one gets the result of buffering. Conclusion: During the downward phase, upward phase, and landing phase , though the action phenomenon of tibialis Anterior, gastrocnemius medial head, gastrocnemius lateral head, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris, when takeoff at two surfaces, at hard surface were obviously greater than the sand surface. Because of geological characteristic of sand surface, it reduce lower limb muscles activate while takeoff on the sand surface to result in, and then influence the jumping ability.

並列關鍵字

volleyball court ； takeoff ； electromyographic