日治後期臺灣陸軍特別志願兵制度的施行與士兵派遣

The Implementation of the Taiwan Army Special Volunteer System and Soldier Dispatch During Japanese Rule Later Period

沈昱廷(Shen, Yu-ting)

《暨南史學》 23期 (2020/07) Pp. 35-72

摘要

1942年日本殖民政府開始在臺招募前後三期的陸軍特別志願兵，並設立「臺灣總督府陸軍兵志願者訓練所」，作為臺灣青年正式進入日本陸軍部隊前的訓練基地。陸軍特別志願兵制度是一套迥異於日本內地的制度，其主要為預備訓練性質，目的是使臺灣青年在接受正規陸軍軍事教育前，能有一般的軍事技能、知識、學識語言等基礎。陸軍兵志願者訓練所上午為室內課，除教授普通學科外，更灌輸皇國思想，培養忠君愛國意識；下午進行正規軍事訓練，並對加強熱帶地區的模擬演練，讓陸軍志願兵能更快速適應將來作戰的區域。在時數上，室內課幾乎為軍事訓練的兩倍，顯見殖民當局設立訓練所的目的，主要是強化臺人的皇民觀念。臺籍陸軍志願兵結訓後先進入臺灣第三、第四部隊，再接受一次入伍訓練。第一、二期的陸軍志願兵主要分發至南洋一帶，第三期則以臺灣本島為主。在戰力上，陸軍志願兵雖已接受完整的軍事與學識訓練，亦有充沛戰力，然而，人數對於當時的軍隊需求而言只是杯水車薪，也顯見該制度僅是皇民化施行上的樣版。

關鍵字

陸軍特別志願兵 ； 徵兵制 ； 太平洋戰爭 ； 第四十八師團 ； 皇民化運動

並列摘要

In 1942, the Japanese colonial government began recruiting army volunteers in Taiwan, and set up ＂Taiwan Governor's Office Army Volunteer Training Center＂ As a training base for Taiwan youths to officially enter the Japanese army. The army special volunteer system is different from Japan army system, it is mainly of a preparatory training nature. The purpose is to enable Taiwan youths to have general military skills, knowledge, and language before receiving regular Army military education. In the morning, the army volunteer training institute takes indoor classes. In addition to teaching general subjects, it also instills the empire's ideas and cultivates patriotic consciousness of the loyal monarch. In the afternoon, it conducts regular military training and strengthens simulation exercises in the tropical area to allow the army volunteers to adapt more quickly. The area to fight in the future. In terms of hours, indoor classes are almost twice that of military training. It is obvious that the purpose of the establishment of training centers by the colonial authorities was mainly to strengthen the Taiwanese people's concept of imperial people After completing the training, the Taiwanese army volunteers first entered the third and fourth units of Taiwan, and then received training for enlistment. The first and second phases of the army volunteers are mainly distributed to the Nanyang area, and the third phase is mainly based on the island of Taiwan. In terms of combat strength, although the army volunteers have received complete military and academic training, they also have plenty of combat power. However, the number of people for the army's needs at the time was only a small salary, and it also showed that the system was only a model of Imperialization movement.

並列關鍵字

Imperialization movement ； Taiwan army special volunteer soldier system ； Taiwan conscription system ； Pacific War ； 48th division

參考文獻

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