年齡及日韻律型態對輪班護理人員睡眠之影響

Effect of Age and Circadian Rhythmson Sleep of Hospital Nurses

連靜雯(Ching-Wen Lien) ； 劉伯祥(Bor-Shong Liu)

《人因工程學刊》 3卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. 57-63

摘要

本研究的主旨於探討護理人員輪值各班別下之睡眠時間，與其受年齡與日韻律型態之影響，並驗證順時鐘輪班順序爲佳的假設，其結果可供人員派班時參考準則。結果顯示白班所需的睡眠時間最短也就是正常上下班的生活方式最佳，且白班接晚班（順時鐘換班）平均睡眠時間小於白班接夜班（逆時鐘換班）1.74小時則表示順時鐘換班較佳。而年齡較長者與具有清晨型日韻律傾向的輪班人員，除了輪值白班外不論輪值晚班與夜班或他班別時，其睡眠時間都顯著的少於其他班別。所以綜合本研究結果所得，設計一個好的輪班制度應考慮下列準則：1連續輪值晚班及夜班的次數應盡量減少，使護理人員不會長期暴露於晚班及夜班作業對健康的威脅。2.順時鐘輪班（白班－晚班－夜班）的換班方式較逆時鐘（白班－夜班－晚班）的方式爲佳。因此排定一週理想的派班順序爲D/D/D/E/H/N/H（D：白班，E：晚班，H：休假，N：夜班）。此種輪班順序可使在晚班及夜班後有足夠的休息時間，且晚班及夜班各只輪值一次。

關鍵字

輪班作業 ； 年齡 ； 日韻律

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of age and circadian rhythms on sleep of hospital nurses and validated the better clockwise rotation. The results showed that day shift (D/D) only need shorter sleep time then evening shift and night shift. It indicates that day shift was better. Age and circadian types were changed in sleep time. Subjects aged older and morning type were shorter averaged sleep time in evening and night shifts especially. Consequently, the recommendations for the design of shift systems according to these results were discussed: (1) Night and evening shift should be reduced as much as possible. (2) The clockwise rotation would seem to be most preferred. Therefore, one of the shift cycles will be D/D/D/E/HIN/H (D: day shift, E: evening shift, H: day off, N: night shift).

並列關鍵字

shiftwork ； age ； circadian rhythms