三種電腦作業的人因風險因子與肌肉骨骼不適症狀的相關性

Relations between Ergonomic Risk Factors and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Computer Operation

吳欣潔(H. C. Wu) ； 林志禹(C. Y. Lin) ； 陳協慶(H. C. Chen) ； 王家濠(C. H. Wang)

《人因工程學刊》 9卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6273/JES.2007.9(1).01

摘要

本研究致力於探討電腦作業的人因風險因子與肌肉骨骼不適（Musculoskeletal disorder，簡稱MSD）的相關性。調查的職業包括：大專院校職員、程式設計師與美工製圖人員。運用修改過的美國國家職業安全與衛生署(OSHA)之電腦工作站檢核表，鑑別工作場所的人因風險因子；使用修訂的北歐肌肉骨骼不適問卷(NMQ)來收集工作者的MSD情況。抽樣150人的調查中，回收了123份有效的問卷。然後執行皮爾森相關分析以找出與MSD有顯著相關性的因子。受訪者最盛行的症狀爲眼睛不過（74%的受訪者反應），接著是頸部疼痛(68%)與右肩膀不適(67%)。造成這些MSD的關鍵原因爲工作年資與年齡較大、聳肩或上臂向前伸展、觀看電腦螢幕時間較長、以及不自然的姿勢等。本研究結果有助於找到重要的人因風險因子並加以消除，以預防肌肉骨骼不適。

關鍵字

電腦操作 ； 肌肉骨骼不適 ； 檢核表 ； 人因工程 ； 風險因子

並列摘要

The relations between computer-related ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) were aimed to investigate in this study. The surveyed occupations include university administrator, programmer, and computer drawer. The ergonomic risk factors in the workplace were identified by the modified OSHA's computer workstation checklist. The MSD situations faced by the workers were collected through the revised NMQ (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire). 123 effective responses were obtained from 150 sampled workers. Pearson correlation analysis was then conducted to find the significant factors being associated with the MSDs. Eyes strain was responded from the 74% of the respondents to be the most prevalent disorder, followed by neck pain (68%) and right shoulders disorder (67%). The critical factors resulting in these MSDs were greater years of occupation and age, shoulders and upper arms elevated or stretched forward, prolonged watching a monitor, poor postures, and etc. The results of this study can be used to assist in finding and eliminating key ergonomic risk factors so as to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders.

並列關鍵字

Computer operation ； Musculoskeletal disorders ； Checklist ； Ergonomics ； Risk factors