酒精對駕駛行為與認知工作執行績效的影響研究

Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Driving Behaviors and Cognitive Tasks Performance

柳永青(Y. C. Liu) ； 傅幸梅(S. M. Fu)

《人因工程學刊》 9卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 75-83

https://doi.org/10.6273/JES.2007.9(1).09

摘要

本研究探討不同呼氣酒精濃度(BrAC: Breath Alcoho1 Concentration)對駕駛行爲與執行相關認知工作績效之影響。8位有駕照、年紀介於20~30歲駕駛者參與本次駕駛模擬研究，行駛狀況區分爲高、低二負荷道路，呼氣濃度包含0.0、0.25、0.4與0.5四種狀況。參與者被要求於實驗中評估其駕駛行爲與執行相關次要工作。反應時間與正確率以及駕駛行爲則爲本實驗之依變項。結果顯示：當BrAC濃度增加，駕駛者的駕駛行爲衰退；相關工作中有關注意力轉移，資訊處理與短期記憶等績效也因BrAC增加而顯著減退。但值得注意的是：BrAC值高達至0.5 mg/l時，駕駛者外在車輛行進才出現顯著的危險行爲。

關鍵字

呼氣酒精濃度 ； 認知工作 ； 駕駛行爲 ； 駕駛模擬器

並列摘要

This study examines the changes in driving behavior and performance with different Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC) levels. Eight licensed drivers aged between 20 and 30 years performed simulated driving under high- and low-load conditions at BrAC of 0.00, 0.25, 0.4 and 0.5 mg/l. The outcome was measured in terms of reaction time for task completion and accuracy rates. Our results show a linear correlation between BrAC levels and impaired driving behavior and performance. However, the effects of BrAC vary depending on the task. Performance of tasks involving attention shift, information processing and short-term memory showed significant deterioration with increasing BrAC while dangerous extemal driving behavior occurred only when BrAC reached 0.5 mg/l.

並列關鍵字

Breath alcohol concentration BrAC ； Cognitive task ； Driver's behavior ； Driving simulator