應用人因工程規範進行核電廠儀控系統人機介面更新審查

Applying Human Factors Guidelines on Reviewing Upgrades of Human System Interfaces in Nuclear Power Plants

楊智偉(Chih-Wei Yang) ； 鄭宗杰(Tsung-Chieh Cheng) ； 陳明輝(Ming-Huei Chen)

《人因工程學刊》 13卷1期 (2011/09) Pp. 17-26

https://doi.org/10.6273/JES.2011.13(1).02

摘要

本研究之目的在於探討現階段核能法規應用人因工程規範，進行核電廠儀控系統人機介面更新的審查重點及過程，此外，並分析人機介面更新對人員績效之影響。當前新建的核電廠使用數位化儀控系統是全球趨勢，將現有運轉中核電廠漸趨老化的類比儀控系統替換，使用數位儀控系統是無法避免的情勢。在此替換的過程中，許多問題均需審慎的評估及考量，如電廠維護及運轉人員對未來整廠儀控系統軟硬體之願景、使用及更換數位化儀控系統相關管道流程或運轉操控的範圍、費用、相關核能主管機關的審核、數位系統設備的使用年限及週期、現有的操作運轉及維護人員對更換後數位儀控系統之技術訓練等。由於數位化儀控技術的進步，數位控制電腦系統之處理速度及功能逐漸增強，大量資料處理與自我診斷能力，已逐漸被採用，並用以取代原有的類比控制。數位化儀控系統雖具備許多優點，相對的，在安全方面也有來自於軟體、網路、人機介面等潛在性的問題。如控制室之設計、運轉資訊顯示方式及運轉員之操控方式等，都與傳統核能電廠迥異。因此，在進行電廠各系統數位化更新時，首要考量為主控制室人機介面的整合。若電廠各系統進行更新，卻未先考量主控制室的設計與運轉畫面的顯示，將會影響運轉員的操作方式或增加運轉員的工作負荷。

關鍵字

數位化主控制室 ； 人機系統介面 ； 自動化 ； 人因工程計畫

並列摘要

This study discussed the critical issues and processes of applying human factors guidelines on reviewing upgrades of human system interfaces in the nuclear power plants. Furthermore, this study investigated the potential influences on human performances while upgrading HSI. It is a global trend to implement digitalized instrumentation and control (I&C) in the newly built nuclear power plant. Moreover, existing plants replace the obsolescent analog I&C by digitalized ones is also unavoidable. Many critical issues need to be discussed. It is equally important to recognize that, if poorly designed and implemented, there is the potential to negatively impact performance that can result in a detrimental effect on safety and cost-effective power production. Human factors engineering (HFE) is used to help meet this challenge and to ensure that the benefits of the new technology are realized, while potential problems are avoided. The main contributions of this study are to help ensure that: 1. the role of personnel is well defined and their tasks are clearly specified; 2. the numbers of staff, their functions, and qualifications are adequate to fulfill the human roles in the plant; 3. the HSIs, procedures, and training meet task performance requirements and are designed to be consistent with human cognitive and physiological characteristics.

並列關鍵字

Digitalized main control room ； Human system interface ； Automation ； Human Factors Engineering Program