Evaluation of the Body Discomfort Levels on Sleeping Postures and Pillow Types Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

身體不舒適的量測一般都基於主觀的衡量，然而具有階層的影響時相當困難衡量。本研究運用層級分析法，評估不同睡姿及枕頭型式下對身體不舒適度的影響，包括評估三種睡姿及三種枕頭型式對頭部、頸部、肩部、背部、手臂與腰部不舒適度之影響。針對受訪者一般的睡姿之分析結果顯示，有61.2％的受訪者睡姿為側睡，31.2％的受訪者採用仰睡而7.6％為趴睡。本研究所採用的層級階層第一層為不舒適度、第二層為枕頭型式、第三層為睡姿、第四層為身體部位。運用層級分析法計算權重和排序，最後可評估枕頭型式及睡姿對身體部位不舒適度之交互影響。層級分析結果顯示，當側睡時使用記憶枕及一般枕時，頸部最不舒適。而受訪者也是採用側睡時頭部感到最不舒適。因此，對枕頭設計而言使用者的睡姿為其最重要的因素，製造商應該對不同身體尺寸設計不同的枕頭且考量使用者所採用的睡姿。

關鍵字

枕頭設計；不舒適度；層級分析法；睡眠

並列摘要

Body discomfort measurements are normally based on subjective evaluations. In such measurements, however, the effect of hierarchical variables was difficult to examine. This study investigated the effects of pillow types and sleeping postures on levels of body discomfort. The authors adopted the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate discomfort on body segments, including head, neck, shoulders, back, arm and waist, with three different pillow types and three sleeping postures. It was found the most common sleeping postures included side posture (61.2%), supine posture (31.2%) and prone posture (7.6%). The structure hierarchy of present study involved level 1 (discomfort), level 2 (pillow types), level 3 (sleeping postures) and level 4 (body areas). In addition, AHP was used to analyze the weight of each class, and then examined the interaction of pillow types and sleeping postures on discomfort of body areas. The results of AHP showed that the most discomfort area is neck while side sleeping on latex foam pillow or usual pillow. Then, the subjects felt discomfort of head while sleeping on side posture. Therefore, the sleeping postures are most important factor for pillow design. The manufacturers should design different pillows for various body sizes and to accommodate more different sleeping postures.

並列關鍵字

Pillow Design ； Discomfort ； Analytic Hierarchy Process ； Sleeping

國際替代計量

Evaluation of the Body Discomfort Levels on Sleeping Postures and Pillow Types Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

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