口乾症與唾液腺機能不足之診斷與處置－文獻回顧

Diagnosis and Management of Xerostomia and Salivary Gland Hypofunction - A Review

王宜斌(Yi-Bing Wang) ； 游翔博(Xiang-Bo You)

《中華民國家庭牙醫學雜誌》 11卷3期 (2016/12) Pp. 4-16

https://doi.org/10.6566/JFD/2016.11(3).4

摘要

口乾症與唾液腺機能不足會導致口腔及咽部障礙，並且使個人的生活品質下降。老年人口乾症的最常見原因是藥物引起的唾液減少。頭頸部癌症患者在接受放射線治療後常導致永久的口乾症。口腔乾燥會造成食物吞嚥困難、口腔黏膜疼痛、說話困擾和口腔防禦機轉減損。口乾症的診斷包括完整醫學病史的詢問、口腔檢查、唾液收集檢測與組織病理學檢查。口乾症的處置方法包括藥物替換及減少非必要藥物的使用。唾液替代品及口腔潤滑劑可緩和口乾現象。針灸及中醫藥物治療也被建議採用在某些口乾患者。

關鍵字

口乾症 ； 唾液腺機能不足 ； 盛行率 ； 放射治療 ； 中醫治療

並列摘要

Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction can produce oral and pharyngeal disorders and impair a person's quality of life. The most common cause of xerostomia in older adults is drug-induced. Radiation of head and neck for treatment cancer causes permanent xerostomia. Dry mouth can result in impaired food intake, a sundry of oral disorders, and diminished host defense and communication. The diagnostic work up for xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction includes a comprehensive medical history, oral examination, collection of whole saliva and histopathological examination. The management of salivary gland hypofunction includes medication substitution and deletion of unnecessary medications with xerogenic effect. Saliva substitutes and oral lubricants may ameliorate some xerostomic symptoms. Treatment xerostomia with acupuncture and Chinese medicines also have been suggested.

並列關鍵字

xerostomia ； salivary gland hypofunction ； prevalence ； radiation therapy ； Chinese medicine treatment