牙周炎與懷孕婦女早產的關係

The Relationship Between Maternal Periodontitis and Preterm Birth

陳錦(Chen Gin) ； 陳奕安(Chan Ik-On)

《中華民國家庭牙醫學雜誌》 14卷3期 (2019/12) Pp. 4-13

https://doi.org/10.6566/JFD.201912_14(3).0001

摘要

懷孕婦女的牙周疾病與嬰幼兒早產及早產胎兒體重過輕（PLBW）的問題愈來愈受到衛生單位的重視，目前研究顯示，患有嚴重牙周病的懷孕婦女，生出早產兒的比例似乎有比較高的趨勢。嬰幼兒早產造成早產兒體重過輕的原因很多，雖然仍然有部份原因尚未被瞭解，但是越來越多文獻顯示，母親身體內的發炎因素影響最大。口腔內的牙周疾病會導致身體的發炎反應，這些存在於母體口腔中的發炎反應是否是造成嬰幼兒早產的結果值得深思與探討。本文將從各方面研究資料探討牙周疾病對懷孕婦女及新生兒／早產兒的影響。許多研究報告均建議患有牙周病的母親在懷孕前及懷孕過程中接受牙周病治療可有效控制發炎反應的進行，因而降低嬰幼兒早產及體重過輕的可能機會。

關鍵字

牙周病 ； 發炎反應 ； 懷孕婦女 ； 早產胎兒體重過輕（PLBW）

並列摘要

The relationship between maternal periodontitis and the Preterm low birth weight (PLBW) raises more concerns with the oral health organizations. Previous studies demonstrate the high risk of preterm birth rate at pregnancy women with severe periodontitis. There are many reasons to cause preterm low birth weight babies, but there still have some reasons not clearly determined. The main etiologic factor is the inflammatory reaction in mother body and periodontitis is a bacterially induced inflammatory reaction which might be linked to preterm birth. There is lots of evidence to support this point of view. This review article will focus on the interaction between periodontal disease and pregnancy women with preterm birth. Recent studies suggested that pregnancy women having periodontal disease should receive periodontal treatment and plaque control with oral hygiene reinforcement before and during pregnancy period, in order to reduce preterm low birth weight babies.

並列關鍵字

maternal periodontitis ； inflammatory reaction ； preterm low birth weight (PLBW)