以客體關係取向藝術治療輔導一位單親兒童的實務探究

Using Object Relations in Art Therapy: A Case-study on a Single-Parented Child

郭永華(Yung-Hua Kuo) ； 張翠芬(Tsui-Fen Chang)

《台灣藝術治療學刊》 3卷2期 (2014/12) Pp. 1-27+29

摘要

克萊恩認為，投射－認同是嬰兒初誕生時與主要照顧者互動所衍生的一種潛意識幻想。溫尼柯特針對投射－認同進一步提出與過渡現象與過渡客體的觀念，試圖藉此方法重建個案的內在客體關係。在藝術治療領域，則藉由個案白發性藝術創作歷程，使個案經由白己與自己情緒接觸的過程，更能察覺與宣洩自己的情緒，而個案的藝術創作作品，也扮演一種容器來涵容個案潛意識經由投射－認同所投射出來的情感。本文試圖藉出客體關係理論的觀點，探討一位接受藝術治療為期約七個月的單親兒童之心理變化歷程。個案在他的白發性繪畫裡，無意中顯露他潛意識裡的困境，隨著治療關係的進展，在他的繪畫裡，也經歷了恨與愛，因而產主改變的契機。

關鍵字

投射－認同 ； 過渡現象 ； 過渡客體 ； 客體關係理論 ； 藝術治療

並列摘要

Klein theorized Projective-Identification as the unconscious phantasy generated between a new-born baby and his caretaker. Winnicott who was interested in the inner object of the client under therapy have made specific explanations on the concept of ＂transitional phenomena＂ and that of ＂transitional object＂. In art therapy, the client was led to gain awareness of his own emotions by means of artistic endeavors. Moreover, the artistic works of the clients contain the projection of the client's unconsciousness. In this essay, object relations theory is adopted to psychoanalyze a child of a single parent who underwent a seven-month art therapy. The child's love and hate in the unconsciousness was somehow unveiled in his drawings. Most importantly, in every therapy session lies the seed of opportunity.

並列關鍵字

projective-identification ； transitional phenomena ； transitional object ； object relations theory ； art therapy