不同注意焦點情境對於青少年棒球選手短打表現之影響

目的：注意焦點對於棒球短打表現之影響。方法：招募國小、國中及高中之棒球選手（共21名），運用混合設計二因子變異數分析與單因子重複量數變異數檢驗參與者在3種注意焦點情境下執行短打表現差異。結果：經混合設計二因子變異數分析發現，選手層級與注意焦點情境上之短打得分表現無交互作用（p=.08）。但在選手層級（p=.04）及注意焦點情境（p=.01）之主要效果均達顯著，層級方面為高中組（M=30.54）優於國中組（M=22.54），情境方面為外在（M=31.90）及內在注意焦點（M=28.71）皆優於無注意焦點（M=18.53）；以單因子重複量數變異數分析發現，各組選手在不同注意焦點情境均達顯著差異（國小，p=.01；國中，p=.01；高中，p=.01），國小組為外在注意焦點（M=31.80）優於無注意焦點（M=17）；國中組為外在（M=29.88）及內在注意焦點（M=22.75）皆優於無注意焦點（M=15），高中組為外在（M=34）及內在注意焦點情境（M=33.88）皆優於無注意焦點（M=23.75）。結論：認為棒球選手採外在注意焦點策略相較於內在注意焦點策略更能使選手取得較佳的短打表現。

關鍵字

外在注意焦點；棒球運動員

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of focus attention on baseball bunt hitting performance. Methods: Twenty-one elementary school, junior high school, and high school baseball athletes were recruited to participate in the study. The data collected from the survey was conducted and tested by A3(group) X 3(block) mix-design ANOVA with repeated measure on block, and one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results: (a) There was no interaction between athletes' level and bunt score performance in the attentional focus context (p= .08). The main effect was significant on group level (p= .04) and focus attentional context (p= .01). And the bunting performance with high school athletes (M=30.54) was significantly higher than junior high school athletes (M=22.54). The bunt hitting of external focus attentional (M=31.90) was significantly higher than the internal focus (M=28.71) and no guidance attentional (M=18.53). (b) Three groups athlete' bunt hitting performance were significantly in three attentional focus tests. In the elementary school group, the external focus attentional(M=31.80) was significantly higher than no guidance attentional(M=17). In middle and high school group, the external (M=29.88, M=34) and internal (M=22.75, M=33.88) focus attentional was significantly higher than no guidance attentional (M=15, M=23.75). Conclusion: The results showed that baseball athlete adopted the external focus of attention not only makes bunt hitting performance effectively than internal focus and no guidance focus.

並列關鍵字

External focus of attention ； Baseball athlete

參考文獻

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