體育運動史學研究性質探究

本文旨在進行體育運動史學研究性質之探究，分別對體育運動史學研究進路的定義與範疇、科學屬性與信念系統，以及研究特質與限制三部份進行分析考察。經分析和考察發現體育運動史學研究乃是研究者針對與過去有關人類體育活動的事實，瞭解其在時間與空間之變遷。其研究可擴展至以運動文化和身體文化爲範疇，包含強調競爭和成果排序的成就運動型構、強調健身和紀律的適能運動型構，以及民間競賽和嘉年華的身體經驗型構等均是其取材範圍。體育運動史學在學術上係伴隨體育學的分化而來，亦是一般史學研究的專史分支，歸屬於人文科學，其研究聚焦人的行爲及其行爲結果，不但會涉及價值，又講個別法則的探查，進行研究時不可能是純粹客觀的，而是相對客觀的。是以，因其特殊研究進路而有特殊之限制，如知識的不完整性、史料的有限性、建立法則的困難性、超越時空的不可能性、本位主義的缺陷性、研究成果的獨斷性、對社會科學理論的濫用性、研究不具骨架的本質等。任何研究方法進路皆有其不足之處，是以瞭解研究進路之基本性質，以減少因方法誤用而降低研究成果之價值，是深化體育運動史學研究成果必要思考及行動。

關鍵字

體育史；運動史；方法論；人文科學

並列摘要

The purposes of this study are to analyze and examine the definition, boundary, scientific attribute, belief system, characteristics and constraints of physical education (PE) and sport historical research. After the analysis and examination, the results are as following. The mission of PE and sport historical research is to understand the facts and changing of the past physical activities about human. Its boundary of research includes three kind configurations of body culture that are achievement sport configuration, fitness sport configuration and body experience configuration. PE and sport history divides from the academic area of PE and sport, and is a specific branch of general history. Its attribute is humanity and it focuses on the human behavior. It is valuing, individualizing, and relatively subjective. For the specific research approach, it has some study constraints which are ”integrity constraint of knowledge”, ”limitation of historical materials”, ”difficulty of law-building”, ”impossibility of beyond-time-and-space”, ”deficiency of departmentalism”, ”arbitrariness of research”, ”misuse of theory-applied” and ”research without framework”. It is important to understand the essence of research approach in order to minimize the misuse and maximize the effect of PE and sport historical research.

並列關鍵字

history of physical education ； sport history ； methodology ； humanities

國際替代計量

體育運動史學研究性質探究

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