應用層級分析法於足球教練領導行為之研究

An Approach to Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process for the Assessment of Soccer Coaches' Leadership Behavior

林澤民(Ze-Min Lin)

《臺南大學體育學報》 8期 (2013/12) Pp. 62-74

摘要

本研究探討足球運動教練、選手對於教練領導行為層級架構及評估準則衡量之差異。研究母群為參加2009－10大專足球聯賽（男49隊，女3隊）之足球運動代表隊，共獲得教練12名（男性10人，女性2人）、選手共50名（男、女選手各25名）之樣本。運用層級分析法（Analytical Hierarchy Process, AHP）得出教練領導行為各構面及評估準則之權重值。研究結果顯示，在評估構面方面，教練與男選手同樣以「訓練與指導行為」構面之權重值最高；女選手則以「回饋與獎勵行為」構面之權重值最高。在評估準則方面，教練與男選手同樣認為重要的評估準則為「對該做的事預先計畫」、「向每位隊員解釋技術與戰術」及「在隊員表現優良時，表示欣賞與鼓勵」；教練與女選手同樣認為重要的評估準則為「關心隊員表現良好時，是否得到獎勵」；男、女選手同樣認為重要的評估準則為「在重要的訓練事務上詢問隊員的意見」。本研究結果可供足球教練在訓練及經營球隊時之參考，減少教練與選手在訓練時的認知差距。

關鍵字

教練領導行為 ； 層級分析法 ； 足球教練

並列摘要

This study employed the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to deal with the priority problems relating to leadership in both soccer coaches and athletes. A survey was conducted from 12 soccer coaches (10 males and 2 females) and 50 athletes (25 males and 25 females) of 52 participating teams in University Football Association 2009-2010 filled out a questionnaire. All data were analysis with the AHP to identify the priority. In the leadership dimensions, the first priority was ＂Training and Instruction＂ for coaches and male athletes, and ＂Positive Feedback＂ for female athletes. The ＂Pre-planning for the future＂, ＂Teaching soccer skills and strategies to team members＂, and ＂Praise and appreciation for good performance＂ were equal important criteria for coaches and male athletes. ＂Reward for good performance＂ was equal important criterion for coaches and female athletes. ＂Asking for team members' opinions while taking an important training course＂ was equal important criterion for all athletes. The results could be a reference for soccer coaches in training and management, so as to improve the cognitive difference between coaches and athletes.

並列關鍵字

leadership behaviors ； analytical hierarchy process ； soccer coach