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人間寫實與小說的戲劇性--論「三言」中的處事智謀

Dramatic Elements between Novel and Reality -Wisdom of Everyday Life in San-yan

摘要


「三言」因曲折離奇的題材而深具魅力,但小說中另有一種戲劇性乃發生在人物的日常言行之間,包括一、整飾儀容,提供理想化的印象;二、言語修飾,以虛假的言詞博得他人好感;三、撒謊,運用藉口、沈默等方式達成自己的目的;四、人情交易,在施與報的人情法則中執行資源交換;五、扮演,以搬演的方式滿足自己的需求。在這些段落中運用平時可見的虛矯言行製造衝突與糾葛,成為情節吸引讀者的一種方式;其趨吉避禍的處世智謀因為符合現實生存規律亦能為讀者所認可。

關鍵字

三言 自我表演 人情 智謀

並列摘要


Due to the complicated and eccentric plot, the story of San-yan gains its charm; however, another kind of dramatics is based on daily practices among characters, including costume, make-up and appearance, offering an ideal image; words, gain favorable impression by using false words; lies, achieve its personal purpose by attempting lies, excuses or even remaining silence; human interaction, exchange interests under the rule of reciprocation: give and receive; acting, satisfy its own desire through acting. By using these commonly-seen hypocritical words and deeds to create conflict and dispute as the plot of the story, then turn into one of the key elements which attract readers. Furthermore, the attitude toward life in which pursue good fortune and avoid misfortune is also widely recognized by readers because it perfectly accords with survival rules in real world.

參考文獻


吳興明:《謀智、聖智、知智——謀略與中國觀念文化形態》,上海:三聯書店,1995年。
抱甕老人編:《今古奇觀》,台北:三民書局,2013年。
高桂惠:〈世道與末技:《三言》、《二拍》演述世相與書寫大眾初探〉,《漢學研究》,第25卷第1期,2007年。
凌濛初:〈拍案驚奇序〉,《拍案驚奇》,台北:三民書局,2001年。
馮夢龍編纂:《喻世明言》,台北:三民書局,1998年。

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