從歐盟新近食品法制觀察奈米技術應用之管理與啓發

The Observation and Inspiration from the European Union's Foods Regulations on the Application of Nanotechnology

詹世榕

《科技法律透析》 22卷7期 (2010/07) Pp. 40-63

https://doi.org/10.7062/STLR.201007.0040

摘要

依據統計，應用奈米技術之食品工業產品已超過100項，而全球奈米食品市場於2010年也預估將達到204億美金，亞洲國家更將成爲全球最大的奈米食品市場。就奈米科技於食品工業之應用方式而言，大致可分爲直接用於食品本身之奈米食品，以及用於食品包裝之奈米包裝。若從規範的角度切入，則國際間投入奈米技術開發與應用最力之美國和歐開而言，其對於奈米科技於食品之應用有著基本態度上之差別，其中又以歐開食品相關管理規範正因應新興科技之應用，而處於一個快速變動狀態，屬特別值得我們留意者。本文將從歐開食品和食品包裝現行規範中，了解歐開如何將應用奈米科技之食品及食品包裝納入管理；也藉由歐開目前所討論之提案當中，試圖了解歐開對奈米食品及奈米包裝未來管理之藍圖與基本想法，以作爲我國主管機關未來規劃之建議。

關鍵字

奈米食品 ； 奈米食品包裝 ； 新穎性食品與新穎性食品原料 ； 與食品接觸之物質 ； 與食品接觸之活性物質 ； 智慧型食品接觸活性物質

並列摘要

According to the research statistics, nanotechnology has been employed in over 100 marketing food-industrial items around the world. It is expected that the nanofoods market will expend upto 20.4 billion dollars in 2010 and Asia is predicted to be one of the largest markets. Roughly speaking, nanofoods and nanopackages are the two main fields of the nanotechnology application in food industry.From the perspective of regulation, the European Union (EU) and the United States hold different points of view in governing the nanofoods and nanopackages. And EU's rapid-shifting regulations concerning the application of nanotechnology in food industry is one of the most subject that worthy of studying. This article would not only like try to realize how nanofood and nanopackages be governed under EU existing regulations, but also to understand the basic idea behind the governance by observing the latest discussion within EU Government over the amendment to the existing food and food packages regulations. It is this article's attempt to help Taiwan's authority concerned in establishing a better legal environment for the application of nanotechnology in food industry in the near future.

並列關鍵字

nanofood ； nanopackage ； novel foods and novel food ingredients ； food contact material ； active food contact materials ； intelligent food contact materials

參考文獻

Miller, Georgia,Senjen, Rye(2008).OUT OF THE LABOTORY AND ON TO OUR PLATES Nanotechnology in Food & Agriculture.,Europe:Friends of the Earth Australia.

Joseph, Tiju,Morrison, Mark(2006).Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food.A Nanoforum Report.(A Nanoforum Report).,未出版.

van Calster, Geert(2006).Regulation Nanotechnology in the European Union.European Environmental Law Review.August/September,239-241.

Experts Argue Nano Food-Additives Require New Regulation, redOrbit, Dec., 18, 2008, http://www.redorbit.com/news/technology/1613514/experts_argue_nano_foodadditives_require_new_oversight/index.html?source=r_technology (last visited on: Feb., 6, 2010)

REGULATION (EC) No 258/97 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 January 1997 concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/Notice.do?val=218920:cs&lang=en&list=432019:cs,432006:cs,234351:cs,218921:cs,217892:cs,218920:cs,&pos=6&page=1&nbl=6&pgs=10&hwords=&checktexte=checkbox&visu=#texte (最後瀏覽日：2009 年 12 月 23 日)