從美國就巨量資料之管制現況與立法趨勢論我國可能之因應對策

Regulation of Big Data in the United States and Some Comments to Taiwan's Legislation

王自雄

《科技法律透析》 28卷2期 (2016/02) Pp. 30-52

摘要

隨著巨量資料分析與應用技術的發展，各國政策與法制莫不嚴陣以待，一方面寄望透過巨量資料帶來新的商機並促進國家經濟發展，卻又憂心其對公民社會尤其是隱私權的侵害。但要以何種層級與內容之政策以為因應，又要以何種立法與管制模式保障公民權利，各國則不盡相同。本文首先簡介美國近期重點之研發計畫與相關倡議，藉此顯現美國是以中央政府層級統籌規劃巨量資料技術之應用與發展，並將巨量資料視為國家重要的戰略資源並挹注大量資金，並按相關實務需求進行政策之擬定。本文其次則逐一細究當前美國與巨量資料分析與應用技術相涉之各該法律規定，包括消費者與學生之隱私權保護、價格歧視與差別訂價之問題、資料經紀商之管制、以及金融與醫療機構之隱私義務，嘗試一窺美國就巨量資料之管制現況與立法趨勢。最後則據以檢視我國相關作法，並嘗試盤點我國可能相涉之法規與調整方向。

關鍵字

巨量資料 ； 資訊隱私 ； 差別訂價 ； 資料經紀商 ； 消費者保護 ； 聯邦交易委員會

並列摘要

Given its importance and potential, as well as the potential privacy concerns that it can raise, Big Data has been the recipient of a tremendous amount of attention from both industry groups and policymakers. This Article focuses upon the status quo and latest trends of the regulation and policies of Big Data in the United States, including the Big Data Report released by the White House in 2014, Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights Act of 2015, Student Digital Privacy and Parental Rights Act of 2015, the Big Data and Differential Pricing Report released by the White House in 2015, Data Broker Accountability and Transparency Act of 2015. Through the lens of the current legislation and regulation framework of the United States, this article put the corresponding legislation of Taiwan under preliminary examination and shows possible direction for the future.

並列關鍵字

Big Data ； Information Privacy ； Differential Pricing ； Data Broker ； Consumer Protection ； Federal Trade Commission

參考文獻

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