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自日本產業競爭力強化法暨特區立法談監理沙盒立法之推動與課題

Legal Adjustment and Regulatory Sandbox: An Analytical Study on Japan's Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement Act

摘要


法制的完備度已成為當前檢視一個國家整體競爭力的重要指標,但法規的完備與否,不僅是探討法規的有無,還包括法制規範是否契合產業的當前發展需求。安倍內閣就任以降,力推安倍經濟學並提出三支箭政策,其中最為重要的工作,便是進行法規改革工作,而主要成果之一係以「企業」為推動單位所制定的「產業競爭力強化法」。產業競爭力強化法具體設計了二項法規調適機制:1、確認法規適用與否的「灰色地帶消除制度」,以及2、可廣泛適用於各行業創新活動的「企業實證特例制度」,後者也成為現階段各國立法中,作為「非金融領域」或「跨行業別」監理沙盒的代表機制。此外,具跨部會協調功能的內閣「規制改革會議」之設置,以及以國家戰略特別區域法居首的特區制度暨特區立法下呈現的關聯監理沙盒機制,亦與當前法規改革成效的展現有著密不可分之關係。由於日本與我國同為大陸法系國家,日本在監理沙理形塑及法制推動經驗,有諸多值得國內參考之處。

並列摘要


The Japan's Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement Act was enacted to enhance industrial competitiveness and set to become effective on 20 January 2014. As an important strategy of the third arrow of Abenomics, the Act includes the "System to Remove Gray Zone Areas" and the "System of Special Arrangements for Corporate Field Tests" with the aim of advancing regulatory reforms. The First System is expected to enable corporations to engage in business with confidence and avoid risks that may arise in relation to regulatory authorities or related parties after the commencement of the business. The Second System is so called "Regulatory Sandbox" and thus enable corporations proposing special regulatory arrangements to the competent ministry and relevant ministries work together to establish such arrangements. This article will analysis Japan's Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement Act and related measures of advancing regulatory reforms in Japan. On the basis of the study above, the author will also provide some of personal points of view toward the future development of legal adjustment and regulatory sandbox in Taiwan.

參考文獻


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株式会社野村総合研究所()。,未出版。

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