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試解《詩經》與《楚辭》中的「桑扈」

The means of bird studies of Shang hu (桑扈) in Book of Odes (《詩經》) and Chu Ci (《楚辭》)

摘要


《詩經》與《楚辭》中都出現「桑扈」一詞,《詩經》的〈小宛〉及〈桑扈〉解作鳥類,而《楚辭》〈九章.涉江〉篇解作隱士。這樣的歧異自古即出現,尤其〈桑扈〉篇的兩章出現時:「交交桑扈,有鶯其羽。」、「交交桑扈,有鶯其領。」其下句都有鳥傍的「鶯」字,而產生了清代許慎《說文解字》與清代段玉裁作注時的不同意見。本文嘗試重新詮解《詩經》中的鳥類,「桑扈」即是研究之始,提出「桑扈」可能並非傳統所指稱的鳥類,而是指種桑之地、桑鄉而言,提供研究者一個新的研讀視角。

關鍵字

桑扈 《詩經》 《楚辭》 鳥類

並列摘要


The word "Sang hu" appears in both "Book of Odes "and "Chu Ci". This kind of divergence has appeared since ancient times, especially when the two chapters of "Sang hu" appeared. The word "ying" led to different opinions between Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi" in the Qing Dynasty and Duan Yucai's annotations in the Qing Dynasty. This article attempts to reinterpret the birds in the "Book of Odes". "Sang hu" is the beginning of the study, and it is proposed that "Sang hu" may not be the bird referred to in the tradition, but refers to the place where mulberry is planted and the village of mulberry. This article provide a new perspective of study.

參考文獻


漢代,許慎《說文解字》(台北:漢京文化事業有限公司,1980)。
宋代,朱熹,《詩經集註》(台北:華正書局,1980)。
宋代,洪興祖《楚辭補注》(台北:長安出版社,1984)。
陳鼓應註譯,《莊子今註今譯》(台北:台灣商務印書館,1985)。
屈萬里,《詩經詮釋》(台北:聯經出版事業公司,1985)。

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