技職校院系本實務課程設計—以中華科大機械系為例

Department-based Practical Curriculum Design for Vocational and Technical University: The Case of Department of Mechanical Engineering at China University of Science and Technology

湯誌龍(Jyh-Lung Tang) ； 黃聖芳(Sheng-Fang Huang)

《中華科技大學學報》 55期 (2013/04) Pp. 153-179

摘要

由於經濟的發展與產業技術的提升，我國教育策略隨之調整，造成近十幾年來國內大學校院的數量急速膨脹。有鑑於大多數的技職型大學之教育目標及定位仍未明確，且所教授的課程和內容與一般大學的差異不大。無法彰顯技職校院偏重實務經驗、注重實用技能養成的特色，導致技職教育所培養的人才，在職場上失去實作能力的優勢，以致無法迎合產業的人力需求。本文旨在藉由課程發展與設計模式之分析，尋求合適之整合模式以應用於技職教育體系。同時針對常用於技職校院課程發展之方法與流程加以探討，並將中華科技大學機械系在執行教育部「技專校院工業類實務課程研發及試辦計畫」之過程，依據蕭錫錡所發展的流程作業獲得之課程設計案例成果，供技職校院未來發展實務課程之參考。實務課程研發計畫執行方式為藉由參考報刊雜誌與人力求才廣告、常見的人力銀行網站，以及青輔會求職求才資料庫等。列出機械系科畢業生可從事之工作分類及職稱，再經由訪談產業界相關之專業人員，尤其是畢業校友與中階主管，將所得意見依本系之師資專長、所擁有之儀器設備、系本位課程，以及系發展特色等，規劃出合適之工作職稱。並依工作職稱所需具備之專業能力，完成所對應之課程地圖與課程規劃。再經由試教方式，從學生的學習過程與成效，修正實務課程的實習或實驗內容。實務課程研發計畫執行成果顯示：以操作為主、理論為輔的實務課程確實可提升學生的學習意願，增進學習的趣味性。也讓學生對於所學能夠應用於實務工作而顯得興趣盎然且熱衷學習。學生得以學習較多之實務操作技能，獲得完備的實務專業能力，減少學習所得與業界需求之間的落差，達到技職教育務實致用之培育目標。

關鍵字

實務課程 ； 勘蝶法 ； 工作分析 ； 德懷術

並列摘要

Due to the economic development and the upgrade of industry technology over the last decade or so, Taiwan government has adjusted education policies, which led to rapid, inordinate expansion of higher education. Given that the aims and the positions of most vocational colleges and universities of technology remain indefinite, and that their programs are similar to those of general universities, the graduates of vocational colleges and universities of technology lose competitiveness in workplaces and cannot meet the demands of job markets.This paper aims at finding a suitable department-based practical curriculum design for the technical and vocational education (TVE) through exploring the methods and the process of curriculum development and analyzing of design models. It also illustrates how the Department of Mechanical Engineering at China University of Science and Technology executed the Ministry of Education-sponsored ”The Research and Development of Industrial Practical Curriculum and the Pilot Project for Technical and Vocational Education.” According to the process of curriculum development, developed by Xi-Gi Xiao, the paper shows the results of curriculum design as a case for the reference for vocational colleges and universities of technology to develop department-based practical curriculum in the future. For this project, we initially looks into the information from the recruitment advertisements and contents in newspapers and magazines, the websites of human resources, and recruitment database of National Youth Commission, Executive Yuan, and the like. After we have listed suitable job categories and professional titles that the graduates of mechanical engineering major can apply and have interviewed related professionals in the industries, especially alumni and mid-level executives, we collect the opinions in the aspects of faculty specialties, departmental instruments and equipment, department-based curriculum and the features of department development for working out appropriate job positions. Then according to the professional abilities that each job position requires, we finalize curriculum mapping and planning. Finally, we revise the course contents of practical curriculum after the findings of learning process of students and of teaching effects in pilot teaching.The finding of the project is that the learning aspiration and the interests of the students are stimulated substantially through the practical curriculum. The gap between learning at school and the demands of job market has been decreased. In turn, the education goal of TVE in terms of learning for practice will be achieved.

並列關鍵字

Practicum curriculum ； DACUM ； DELPHI ； FJA