翻譯視境：十七世紀臺灣荷治時期鄭成功生平事蹟鏡像

本文以研究十七世紀臺灣荷治時期的相關中外文獻中對鄭成功之生平事蹟、身份等形象之書寫為探討中心，包含中國近代史學代表著作之一─湯綱、朱元寅《二十五史新編‧明史‧傳記》對鄭成功的正面性記載之參照，而湯綱等之對鄭成功之正面性的描寫可謂代表著一般華人對鄭成功正面的形象之看法，因此，本文將有別於以往一般中國學者對鄭成功民族英雄式之形象之研究文本，而將大部分篇幅著力於已過研究鄭成功的論文中較少耙梳的外國文獻─如必麒麟（W. A.Pickering）《歷險福爾摩沙》、甘爲霖（Rev. William Campbell）《素描福爾摩沙》、程紹剛譯註《荷蘭人在福爾摩莎》、以及揆一（C.E.S.）《被遺誤的台灣》等關於鄭成功之偏負面性書寫等翻譯作品為研究素材，嘗試從不同的視角探討這些文獻中對於鄭成功不同形象的書寫，以提供有別於過去華人社會對於鄭成功民族英雄、甚至民間成神式的崇拜之不同的視境。研究結果可作為薩依德（Edward W. Said）於二十世紀所提出─從西方看東方的「東方主義」（Orientalism）之理論亦適用溯及十七世紀時的「西方」描述「東方」人物之偏負面性描寫用詞提供證據。

關鍵字

鄭成功；臺灣荷治時期；文化翻譯；形象；東方主義

並列摘要

This paper investigates Zheng Chenggong's image (life story and identity) recorded in the literatures about the 17^(th) century Dutch Formosa. The study is in contrast to Gang Tang and Yuan-yin Zhu's ＂Er Shi Wu Shi Sin Bian‧Ming Shi‧Zhan Ji＂（《二十五史新編‧明史‧傳記》）, one of the representative modern Chinese history books with positive records about Zheng Chenggong. Its positive descriptions represent the views of most Chinese on Zheng Chenggong. However, negative descriptions can be found in the western text, such as W.A. Pickering's ＂PIONEERING IN FORMOSA - Recollections of Adventures among Mandarins, Wreckers & Head-hunting Savages,＂ R.W. Campbell's ＂Sketches from Formosa,＂ Shao-gang Cheng's (translator) ＂Dutch in Formosa,＂ and Coyett's (C.E.S) ＂'t Verwaerloosde Formosa (Amsterdam, 1675).＂ In this study, Zheng Chenggong's image described in the translated books of these western text is investigated from perspectives differing from those viewing Zheng Chenggong as a national hero, and even as a god in Chinese folk worship. The results provide the evidence for the existence of ＂Orientalism,＂ which is a term with negative bias in observing the eastern from the west, even in the 17^(th) century although it was proposed later by Edward W. Said in the 20^(th) century.

並列關鍵字

Zheng Chenggong ； Dutch Formosa ； cultural translation ； image ； Orientalism

國際替代計量

翻譯視境：十七世紀臺灣荷治時期鄭成功生平事蹟鏡像

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