退化性商品具時變需求率及短缺現象之存貨模型

An Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items with Backorders and Time-Variable Demand

林文豐(Wen-Feng Lin)

《中華科技大學學報》 60期 (2014/10) Pp. 95-107

摘要

本文提出一經濟訂購量（economic order quantity）存貨模型，主要探討零售商所訂購的退化性商品具有有限的生命週期，另外商品的需求率考慮與時間次方有關的指數型函數型式且銷售過程具短缺可全部回補現象。考慮的成本因素包含庫存成本、短缺回補成本、訂貨成本、退化成本以及購買成本等，兩個決策變數為存貨量為零的時間及訂貨週期。文章中將針對探討的模型提出演算法來找出最適的訂購週期及訂購量，使得整個訂購週期內具有最小的平均存貨成本，其後並以例題說明及提出相關觀點。

關鍵字

存貨 ； 經濟訂購量 ； 退化 ； 短缺回補 ； 需求率

並列摘要

In this article, we propose an economic order quantity inventory model for items not only deteriorate continuously but also have their maximum lifetime. The demand rate varies by time in each cycle and follows a power pattern. Shortages are allowed and backlogged. The considered cost are holding cost, backlogging cost, ordering cost, deteriorated cost and purchasing cost. The two decision variables are the time at which the inventory level falls to zero and the length of the scheduling period. An algorithm is proposed to minimize the total cost per inventory cycle and to find the optimal ordering period and quantity. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.