臺灣的公營事業改革：事業自主有改善嗎？

Public Enterprise Reform in Taiwan: Has Enterprise Autonomy been Improved？

卜正球(Cheng-Chiu Pu)

《中華科技大學學報》 66期 (2016/04) Pp. 51-76

摘要

近年來，臺灣的政治民主化轉變一直是各界廣泛討論的重要議題，但這種轉變過程是否已經對公營事業管理造成了那些影響卻未有相關探討。本文從探討過去不同政黨政府推行的一些公營事業改革事證，發現無論國民黨或民進黨執政時都致力於推行一些公營事業改革措施，但卻沒有改變既有的公營事業管理方法。換言之，這些改革沒有提供公營事業一種全新且較好的經營環境，公營事業在許多決策方面仍無法享有較多一些經營自主，亦即它們的事業自主並未獲得太多的改善。總結起來，這似乎是臺灣政治的一種特殊弊病現象，只要是執政黨，都會扭曲公營事業的管理，藉以贏得選舉勝利並確保繼續執政。

關鍵字

公營事業 ； 公營事業管理 ； 公營事業改革 ； 民營化 ； 公司化 ； 事業自主

並列摘要

Taiwan’s transition towards political democracy has been widely discussed in recent years, but not much attention has been paid to the effect of these changes on public enterprise as well as management issues. This article develops some discussions based on the evidences of what and how public enterprise reform measures have been carried out by different party governments over the last three decades. With that, it shows that both the Kuomintang and the Democratic Progressive Party, when have been in the state’s political power, have similarly conducted a number of reform measures to public enterprises, but both parties have not changed the way public enterprises are managed. Consequently, these reform measures have not provided the enterprises with a new and better circumstance, in which the enterprises could enjoy a greater degree of enterprise autonomy in terms of making critical decisions on management and operation issues. In conclusion, it seems to be endemic to Taiwan’s politics that the ruling party distorts the management of public enterprises in order to win political elections and protect its political position.

並列關鍵字

Public Enterprise ； Public Enterprise Management ； Public Enterprise Reform ； Privatization ； Corporatization ； Enterprise Autonomy