焦慮的男新青年：論魯迅〈祝福〉與呂赫若〈廟庭〉、〈月夜〉的「我」

New Male Youths in Anxiety:An Analysis of 'I/Me' in Lu Xun's ＂The New-Year Sacrifice＂ and Lu He-Ruo's ＂The Temple＂ and ＂Moonlit Night＂

蘇美文(Su Mei Wen)

《中華科技大學學報》 77期 (2019/07) Pp. 79-104

摘要

本文以「女性」視角，選擇魯迅〈祝福〉與呂赫若〈廟庭〉、〈月夜〉小說為對象，以二人寫作小說時同時使用的第一人稱敘述者：男性的「我」來作各面向的探討，並將之互相比較，呈現二位作者筆下的二位男新青年對傳統文化下女性困境的態度。共從七個面向來呈現與比較：（一）身份：返鄉的男新青年（二）「我」面對的傳統女性困境（三）「我」的心境變化（四）「我」與女主角的關係與互動（五）「我」與其他角色的互動（六）「我」的宗教背景敘事：祝福、廟庭（七）「我」投射的大自然敘事：雪與月都是用第一人稱「我」為敘述觀點視角，這個「我」又都是那個時代的男性新青年，由他們來看女性的困境，以及傳統文化的僵化，顯現需要改變而無法改變的困難。經過分析，這二位男新青年，一個幽微，一個直接；一個不安、模糊、逃避，甚至後來心情還變舒坦了，一個憤怒、悲痛轉而低聲下氣；但二者都充滿著焦慮與無力感。

關鍵字

魯迅 ； 呂赫若 ； 祝福 ； 廟庭 ； 月夜 ； 新青年 ； 女性

並列摘要

Focusing on Lu Xun's ＂The New-Year Sacrifice＂ and Lu He-Ruo's ＂The Temple＂ and ＂Moonlit Night＂ that were all written with male 'I/me' in the first-person narrative, this paper analyzes these literature in every aspect, and compares to each other in the female perspective, so as to present the attitude of two new male youths towards females' difficulties under the traditional culture. There are seven aspects for presentation and comparison: 1. identity: home-coming new male youths; 2. 'I' facing traditional females' difficulties; 3. 'I' with change in mind; 4. relationship and interaction between 'I' and the female character; 5. interaction between 'I' and other characters; 6. narrative of religion background of 'I': blessing ceremony at the end of year and square in front of Guan-Di Temple; 7. narrative of nature reflected upon 'me': snow and moon These literature were all narrated in the first-person perspective while these 'I/me' presented new male youths in that era. Difficulties that should be changed but in vain were viewed by them towards females' dilemma and rigid traditional culture. Therefore, for these two new male youths, one's attitude was indirect while the other's was straightforward; one's was with anxiety, ambiguity, avoidance but finally at ease while the other's was with anger, sorrow but submission in the end. However, they were all with disquiet and felt helpless.

並列關鍵字

Lu Xun ； Lu He-Ruo ； ＂The New-Year Sacrifice＂ ； ＂The Temple＂ ； ＂Moonlit Night＂ ； New Male Youths