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Reconstruction of the Hip Defect with the Delayed Extended Groin Flap in Hip Disarticulation Amputee-A Case Report

延遲性伸展型腹股溝(鼠蹊)皮瓣於髖關節截肢患者之髖部缺損重建—病例報告

摘要


背景:就髖部傷口缺損之重建而言,以闊張筋膜肌皮皮瓣(TFL),股外側肌皮皮瓣(VL) 及前外側大腿皮瓣(ALT)為優先考慮使用,但在已接受過兩側髖關節截肢的病患,就無法利用以上鄰近皮瓣組織來重建復發的髖部傷口缺損之時;使得重建之路,一度陷入膠著;當發現到另一個常用在手部及腕部重建,但卻被我們忽視“遠在天邊、卻近在眼前"的鄰近皮瓣組織來重建治療此處傷口時,興奮之情,難以言表。目的及目標:一個常用在手部及腕部重建但卻被我們忽視的鄰近皮瓣組織,就髖部傷口缺損而言,即是腹股溝(鼠蹊)皮瓣;如何讓它成為重建髖部傷口缺損的主力皮瓣選擇之一,必須強化鼠蹊皮瓣遠端的血流,以增加重建髖部傷口缺損的成功率;因此執行皮瓣延遲步驟,成為我們必須認真思考的方法之一。材料及方法:我們的病人為一54歲男性糖尿病病患,於兩年前,先後已分別接受過左右兩側髖關節截肢利用大腿皮瓣(Fillet flap),以重建之前的左右兩側坐骨及左右兩側轉子部嚴重感染壓瘡,術後傷口癒合,但因長期坐磨及剪力(Shearing force)的影響,使得左側髖臼窩部產生慢性感染性大且深的空腔室,加上病患糖尿病,此傷口癒合,似乎更遙不可及,另外在臨床上,常用的鄰近皮瓣組織如闊張筋膜肌皮皮瓣、股外側肌皮皮瓣及前外側大腿皮瓣等,皆無法可以被利用;因此重建之路,一度陷入膠著。幸好往髖部傷口上方看,想到可以計劃利用髖部上方的腹股溝(鼠蹊)皮瓣,來重建此頑固困難大且深的空腔室的傷口,但腹股溝皮瓣與這髖臼窩空腔傷口仍有一段距離,必須使用伸展型腹股溝皮瓣,才可完全覆蓋此髖部傷口缺損。因我們的病患,身材肥胖,若立即以一期手術,使用伸展型腹股溝皮瓣來重建此傷口;則相當有可能造成皮瓣遠端,因血流不夠充足而缺血性壞死,則喪失一次非常寶貴皮瓣重建的機會。在此疑慮之下,因此執行兩次的皮瓣延遲步驟(Delay procedure),時間長達兩週,以增加遠端皮瓣的存活率,尤其在較肥厚的遠端皮瓣。結果:雖然經過兩星期的皮瓣延遲步驟,鼠蹊皮瓣的遠尖端仍有小部分壞死,將壞死部分清創切除,鼠蹊皮瓣轉移重建此傷口後,此鼠蹊皮瓣完全存活,並無後續邊緣壞死現象產生,鼠蹊部供應區傷口與髖臼窩空腔傷口,經過階段性縫合及負壓輔助閉合治療,術後;回家傷口照顧,八週後,傷口完全癒合良好。結論:鼠蹊皮瓣於1972年由Dr. McGregor及Dr. Jackson首先介紹提出,此皮瓣為一非常可靠的肌膜皮層皮瓣,擁有較廣的旋轉弧度,臨床上常用於手部及腕部之重建,但用於髖部傷口之重建卻非常少見。我們提出此病例報告,延遲性伸展型鼠蹊皮瓣為一簡單且可靠的手術方式,不僅可以往上旋轉重建腹部傷口,也可往下轉移重建髖部傷口;但其缺點必須接受兩次以上手術。當常用的鄰近皮瓣組織如闊張筋膜肌皮皮瓣,股外側肌皮皮瓣及前外側大腿皮瓣皆無法可以被利用時,此鼠蹊皮瓣或許可以被建議及考慮使用的方法之一。

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並列摘要


Background:The management of hip defects in hip disarticulation amputees is troublesome and challenging to plastic surgeons because no other regional flaps such as tensor fascia lata myocutaneous (MC) flap, vastus lateralis myocutaneous flap and anterior lateral thigh flap, can be used.Aim and Objectives:The extended groin flap is not limited only to being transferred proximally for defects of the abdominal wall, but it can also be transposed distally to reconstruct defects of the hip.The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate that the delayed extended groin flap is a reliable reconstructive option for wide and deep defect of the hip in hip disarticulation amputee when there is lack of available regional flaps for reconstruction.Materials and Methods:A 54-year-old man, who has a history of diabetes mellitus and spinal cord injury with paraplegia, underwent bilateral hip disarticulation surgery two years ago. He suffered from a chronic discharging sinus of the left hip due to a large underlying infected acetabular dead space. After debridement and infection control, the left hip defect was subsequently reconstructed using a delayed extended groin flap.Results:Initially, the extended groin flap showed partial necrosis of the bulky flap-tip after a delay procedure for two weeks. Fortunately, after the necrotic tip was excised, the transposed groin flap survived completely.Conclusion:The delayed extended groin flap might safely be used to reconstruct wide, and deep defects of the hip, in hip disarticulation amputee when no other regional flaps can be applied.

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