花蓮地區漁業變遷與轉型休閒漁業發展之研究

因爲台灣沿岸的漁源枯竭，漁民在漁獲量減少之情況下，以及加入WTO組織，再加上政府又提出對鯨豚的保育政策，在1997年時台大學者研究鯨豚，數度與漁民出海，建議可載送遊客出海賞鯨豚，於是漁民或非漁民開始有了經營賞鯨公司之念頭。花蓮漁業轉型休閒業之成功案例，有賞鯨業與立川休閒養殖漁場。賞鯨業與休閒養殖漁業發展至今，是否如預期帶給漁民經濟效益？漁民轉型遭遇到何種困難？政府如何協助漁民轉型等都是本研究想要了解的問題。本研究調查結果得到，政府單位對於漁民轉型休閒業除了在經費上的補助之外，在宣傳方面、人力資源訓練、解說員方面等都有給予協助。而轉型賞鯨業的漁民本身在轉型之後也有相當不錯的收益，使得在賞鯨淡季時也無須再度從事傳統的漁業。休閒養殖漁業在吸引遊客前往休閒之後，不但開發出各種的相關餐飲食材，也成功開發出健康產品，收益更豐。但是在轉型休閒漁業之後賞鯨業也與傳統漁業產生衝突，賞鯨業者雖然曾經策略聯盟，但卻缺乏互信，仍然在價格上惡性競爭或是以耳語破壞同業名譽。而養殖漁業與傳統的養豬業在環境氣味方面產生衝突，此外產品的販售成爲農會與漁會競相爭取的目標，成爲無法解決之問題。

關鍵字

轉型；休閒漁業；賞鯨業

並列摘要

Owing to the exhausting fishery resources near by Taiwan's coastal area, the amount of inshore fishing is diminishing. In addition to the influence on Taiwan's participation of the World Trade Organization and the conservation policies of whales and dolphins addressed by the government, scholars from National Taiwan University who put out to sea several times with local fishermen in 1997 to study whales and dolphins suggested that the fishermen may carry tourists to go into whale-and-dolphin watching. Hence, people started to have the idea of operating a company about whale-and-dolphin watching. The industry of whale-and-dolphin watching and the Lichuan fishing ground of leisure and fish pasturage are two successful cases of fishery transformation into the leisure industry on Hualien. So far, have the two industries mentioned above brought up expectedly economic benefits to fishing population? Were there any problems of transformation of fishing population? How did the government help them? Those are questions to be studied in this research. It is found that, alone with the subsidy, the government help the fishing population on advertising, training and narrating. And, the income of fishermen after the transformation into whale-and-dolphin watching is pretty good. So, there is no necessary to engage in the traditional fishery again under off-season. Also, behind its attraction to the tourists, the fishery of leisure and pasturage has gained mush more income because of developing many kinds of food material and products to keep in good health. But there are conflicts between the traditional fishery and the industry of whale-and-dolphin watching after its transformation into leisure fishery. In spite of the strategic alliance has been adopted by the industry of whale-and-dolphin watching, there is pernicious price competition still, or spoiling the reputation of members of the industry by rumor owing to lacking of mutual trust. And, the industry of fish pasturage and traditional pig pasturage has also conflicted with the smell of environment. Besides, the endeavor for products of leisure fishery between the farmers' and fishermen's association has been a problem unable to be solved.

並列關鍵字

transformation ； recreational fishery ； whale-and-dolphin watching

國際替代計量

花蓮地區漁業變遷與轉型休閒漁業發展之研究

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