澱粉酵素應用於書畫裱褙襯紙揭離技術之研究

Application of Amylase for Delaminating of the Mounting Chinese Painting and Calligraphy

葉仁正

《海峽兩岸檔案暨微縮學術交流會論文集》 2006年 (2006/10) Pp. 69-89

摘要

傳統書畫裱件是結合植物纖維、繪畫顏料、裝鑲材料、澱粉漿糊等之複合村料，經過長時間外在保存因素和內在組成化學成份的影響，導致村料劣化變質。在書畫文物劣化修復作業中，以基底裱褙襯紙的揭離技術之難度最高，也是最重要的工序。傳統揭離書畫舊裝裱褙襯紙的方法，多採取長時間大量浸水使紙張纖維膨潤而為之，此法常造成基底表面之水溶性顏料暈水，礦物性顏料失膠揭離，紙張纖維氫鍵結合破壞，致使紙張物性強度下降，甚至發生書畫基底之疊層宣紙（夾宣）層間揭離“一分二”等劣化狀況。因此，本研究乃針對傳統紙質書畫文物修復過程之裱褙襯紙揭離技術的基礎作業方式進行探討，同時藉由酵素對單一基質之水解催化反應機制，利用高純度、低濃度的α-澱粉酵素(α-amylase)來降低書畫基底裱褙襯紙揭離前浸水膨潤纖維之用水量，並且縮短浸水膨潤纖維和裱褙襯紙揭離工序的時間，藉以提高書畫基底與裱褙襯紙之揭離過程的安全性，進而達到維護紙質書畫文物之目標。

關鍵字

書畫裱褙 ； 紙張劣化 ； 澱粉漿糊 ； 揭離技術 ； 澱粉酵素 ； 紙質維護

並列摘要

The traditional mounting papers and pictures were composed by plant fiber, painting pigment, frame material, starch paste, etc. However, during the long term exterior conservation and interior chemistry, the picture material was impaired in degradation. In the recovery procedures of the degradation pictures, the delaminating mechanism based on backing papers is the most difficult and important process. In order to inflate the paper fiber, the traditional delaminating mechanism soaked the mounting papers and pictures with much more water for a long time. Since that it makes the surfaces of pictures with pigment bleeding and cleavage, the paper fiber impairment, and even more degradation in doubling picture paper. Therefore, this thesis not only focuses on the recovery procedures with the delaminating mechanism of traditional pictures, but also applies the high pure and low density α-amylase to decrease so much water and time for soaking the mounting papers and pictures. Eventually, this thesis provides the safe delaminating procedures, and achieves the conservation purpose for the traditional papers and pictures.

並列關鍵字

The Mounting Papers and Pictures ； Paper Degradation ； Starch Paste ； Delaminating Mechanism ； Amylase ； Conservation of Paper Material