台灣犯罪被害人保護法之回顧與展望－以2009年擴大保護性侵害被害人為例

The Retrospective and Prospective Views of Taiwan Criminal Victim Protection Law: Discussing the Amendment of Extending Sexual Offense Victims in 2009

許福生

《家庭暴力與性侵害防治實務工作研討會》 2009年 (2009/12) Pp. 349-373

https://doi.org/10.6632/TATDVSO.2009.20

摘要

我國為順應加強犯罪被害人保護之現代刑事思潮，於1998年制定「犯罪被害人保護法」，為保護因犯罪行為被害而死亡者之遺屬或受重傷者，以保障人民權益，促進社會安全。然而本法在實施十年以來，仍面臨資源不足、人力不足、補償金過低、保護對象難以擴大、保護層級過低及重補償輕尊嚴等困境。有鑑於此，2009年犯罪被害人保護法修法，擴大補償對象至性侵害犯罪行為之被害人，且增加精神慰撫金為補償項目，並擴大犯罪被害保護對象至性侵害、家庭暴力與人口販運犯罪、兒童及少年、以及大陸地區、香港、澳門與外國籍配偶或勞工等六類被害人，以及增訂法務部得設置犯罪被害人保護基金之法源依據，然仍面臨未能將補償對象擴大至重大暴力犯罪被害人，且仍未能解決資源不足、人力不足、保護層級過低以及重補償輕尊嚴等困境。因此，未來法制上可參酌日本2004年所制定「犯罪被害人等基本法」，制定一套適合我國的「犯罪被害人等權益保障法」，以便能統合中央、地方政府及民間相關團體等共同攜手合作，有計畫的推進相關被害人等權益保障措施。

關鍵字

犯罪被害人補償 ； 犯罪被害人保護 ； 犯罪被害人等基本法 ； 性侵害

並列摘要

Taiwan passed Criminal Victim Protection Law in 1998 for being coincident with the tide of modern criminal law tendency to protect the survival families of the dead or seriously hurt victims by criminal behavior. However, during the past 10 years, it was still found the lack of resource, lack of manpower, compensation being complained too little, the available object needy to be enlarged etc. Based on the previous drawbacks, the amendment in 2009 enlarged the available objects to include sexual offense victims, domestic violence victims, human tracking, harm immigrated spouses, psychological compensation payment etc, in addition to Ministry of Justice could settle a protection fund for criminal victim protection. However, it might be still problems to lack of resource, lack of manpower, pay more attention on compensation and less on dignity. It was suggested that the Fundamental Law for Criminal Victims in 2004 in Japan might be worthwhile to refer to integrate the central government, local government, and civil groups to improve this job.

並列關鍵字

compensation for sex offense victim ； protection for sex offense victim ； fundamental law of crime victim ； sexual offense ； sex offense