Abstract Five termite pests including Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, C. gestroi (Wasmann), Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki), Reticulitermes flaviceps (Oshima), and Cryptotermes domesticus (Haviland) are commonly found in Taiwan. Over the past hundred years, their taxonomic statuses have been changed several times, and hence different scientific names and various Japanese and Chinese common names have caused confusion. The current study reviews the previous taxonomic studies of each species, and clarifies all the Chinese common names ever used for that species. In addition, this work provides the illustration keys and morphological measurement of the three castes, alate, soldier and worker, of the five species to facilitate species identification. Based on recent field collections, the distributions and dispersal flight seasons of these five species in Taiwan are also discussed.
摘要 台灣常見的白蟻害蟲有台灣家白蟻Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki、格斯特家白蟻Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann)、台灣土白蟻Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki)、黃肢散白蟻Reticulitermes flaviceps (Oshima) 以及截頭堆砂白蟻Cryptotermes domesticus (Haviland) 等五種。由於過去此五種的分類鑑定常有爭議，學名與中、日文俗名一再的變動，因此造成資料彙整與溝通上的困難。本文透過回顧此五種白蟻在台灣的分類研究歷程，整理各種類曾經使用過的中、日文俗名，使學名與俗名的使用能相互對應。另外，根據近年所採集的標本，提供此五種白蟻目前在台灣的分佈圖、分飛季節資訊、描述有翅生殖型、兵蟻與工蟻等三階級的形態並提供圖文檢索表，以利台灣常見五種白蟻害蟲的鑑定。
| Key words: Isoptera, termite pest, geographic distribution, dispersal flight season, illustration key | | 關鍵詞: 等翅目、白蟻害蟲、地理分佈、分飛季節、圖文檢索表。 |
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