在WTO爭端解決體系重視爭端的迅速解決以及案件數量與複雜度日益提高的催化下，爭端解決小組延續GATT時代小組在案件中適用司法經濟原則的慣例，不審理對解決爭端無必要的請求，著重對解決爭端有實質助益的請求做出認定。在「美國—羊毛衫」案，上訴機構亦肯定了小組擁有適用司法經濟的裁量權，自此之後的許多案件中也可以看到小組適用司法經濟原則，來減少審理花費的時間與精力，達到節約司法資源的目的。儘管小組擁有適用司法經濟的裁量權已經成為共識，但爭端案例以及研究中也不乏對於小組錯誤或不當適用司法經濟原則的批評，以及對適用司法原則所衍生問題的擔憂。其中最為人詬病的問題就是上訴機構面臨無法完成分析的困境，以及在爭端解決實踐上，司法經濟原則裁量權的適用缺乏共通一致的標準或時機。

本文旨在探討適用司法經濟裁量權的界限，以減少小組因為錯誤適用司法經濟原則造成的問題。鑒於貿易救濟案件在涉及司法經濟原則占據多數，本文從貿易救濟相關案件出發，整理並歸納小組適用司法經濟原則的時機，並指明實踐上引發的問題。最後則以文獻對解決司法經濟原則適用問題的方法出發，探尋應該如何規範司法經濟原則的適用以減少錯誤或不當適用司法經濟原則的發生。

Stimulated by the aim of the WTO Dispute Settlement System for prompt settlement of disputes, and the increase in the number and complexity of cases, WTO panels have retained the GATT-era practice of exercising judicial economy when reviewing cases, i.e., making findings on claims that are necessary for resolving the disputes only and not reviewing those which are not. The Appellate Body in US Wool Shirts and Blouses also supported this discretion of panels to exercise judicial economy. From then on, the invocation of judicial economy by panels has been seen in many cases to reduce the time and efforts spent on resolving disputes and saving judicial resources. While this discretion has been widely recognized, there are still criticisms of false judicial economy and worrisome about the problems resulting from exercising judicial economy from parties to disputes and literature of scholars. Some of the most criticized ones are the inability of the Appellate Body to complete the analysis due to the lack of factual findings in panel reports, and the absence of a consistent practice of when to exercise judicial economy.

This article aims at exploring the boundaries of exercising judicial economy to decrease the false use of this discretion and the problems resulting from it. Given the presence of trade remedy disputes in terms of a high number of cases in judicial economy-related disputes, this article starts by examining the practice of panels exercising judicial economy in trade remedy disputes. Then, the timings when panels would invoke this discretion are categorized and problems arising from this practice are discovered. Finally, based on past works of literature about solving the problems of exercising judicial economy, this article offers arguments on how to regulate the use of judicial economy to limit the presence of false judicial economy.

第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機 1
第二節、研究範圍 4
第三節、研究方法與論文架構 5
第二章、WTO爭端解決程序中司法經濟原則之適用與問題 7
第一節、WTO爭端解決程序適用司法經濟原則的緣起 7
第二節、司法經濟原則的目的與功能 14
第三節、司法經濟原則之適用現況與問題 18
第三章、司法經濟原則於貿易救濟案件之適用與實踐 22
第一節、對備位聲明、連帶請求適用司法經濟 22
第二節、對未積極主張的請求適用司法經濟 24
第三節、系爭措施失去法律基礎，對其他請求適用司法經濟 26
第四節、系爭措施違反實體條款，對違反程序條款之請求適用司法經濟 31
第五節、當複數請求涉及條文義務重疊時，對部分請求適用司法經濟 33
第四章、適用司法經濟原則案件之評析與問題 36
第一節、爭端與文獻中錯誤適用司法經濟的態樣 36
第二節、案件評析 39
第三節、貿易救濟案件中適用司法經濟之問題 43
第五章、從貿易救濟案件探尋司法經濟原則之適用與其界限 53
第一節、歸納適用司法經濟原則之問題 53
第二節、透過解釋論解決適用司法經濟原則之問題 55
第三節、透過立法論解決適用司法經濟原則之問題 58
第四節、小結 77
第六章、結論 80
參考文獻 82

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