大法官的司法決策行為影響國家、社會甚鉅，執政者與司法部門的互動則長期以來都是公眾關注的焦點。因此本文聚焦於我國大法官釋憲時的意見表達行為，以大法官的意見書為分析標的。討論政黨輪替前後，大法官的意見表達行為是否產生變化，以及統獨意識形態、提名總統及其任期、交錯任期等因素，對大法官意見表達行為的影響。

結合過往學理，本文指出當政黨競爭程度激烈時，執政者出於選舉失利的預期心理，會讓司法獨立，大法官會有更多的異議空間，會發表更多的反對意見，這是政黨輪替對大法官集體意見表達行為的影響。透過負二項迴歸模型分析顯示，第二次政黨輪替後，大法官的異議行為有顯著增加，顯示政黨輪替確實影響大法官的意見表達行為，但其影響較為漸進，因此第一次政黨輪替的影響力並不顯著。

在大法官個人意見表達行為部分，本文以統獨立場定位大法官的意識形態，並參考前人研究，總統可能透過提名立場相仿的大法官，改變憲法法庭決策，且交錯任期可能使大法官需要面對繼任的原反對黨總統，因此將統獨立場、提名總統及其任期、交錯任期等因素納入考量，以二層有序勝算對數模型進行分析。結果顯示，可能由於釋憲案性質因素，統獨立場的影響力不顯著；總統提名時的任期差異，導致第二任期提名的大法官，出現意見趨同的現象；而不同總統提名的大法官，交錯任期時，則可能出現反對意見增加或同意意見增加兩種不同的趨勢。

本文以實證資料分析大法官意見表達行為，發現政治力確實對大法官有影響，大法官的司法決策行為，是政黨競爭、意識形態、提名總統、交錯任期等因素，與外在環境及制度等各項因素互動下的結果。

第一章　前言 1
第一節　研究動機及背景 1
第二節　大法官任命、職權與釋憲程序 2
第二章　文獻回顧 4
第一節　司法獨立理論 4
第二節　大法官司法決策行為的影響因素 7
第三章　理論建構 15
第一節　理論架構 15
第二節　政黨輪替對大法官意見表達的影響 16
第三節　大法官與違憲審查制度的互動 17
第四章　研究設計 25
第一節　待驗假設 25
第二節　變數測量 27
第三節　資料來源 36
第四節　資料分析方法 38
第五章　大法官整體意見表達行為的實證分析 43
第一節　大法官異議之跨時演變 43
第二節　政黨輪替影響大法官異議行為之計次模型 45
第三節　政黨輪替影響大法官異議之原因 49
第六章　大法官個人意見表達行為的實證分析 53
第一節　大法官個人異議行為之多層有序勝算對數模型 53
第二節　提名總統任期及統獨立場對個人意見表達的影響 60
第三節　交錯任期對個人意見表達的影響 69
第四節　小結 71
第七章　結論 73
第一節　大法官意見表達行為的影響因素 73
第二節　研究限制與對未來研究之建議 77
參考文獻 79
附錄 85

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