本文目的主要在探討全球化趨勢如何影響開發中國家的貧窮問題。在衡量全球化方面，選取開放貿易與外人直接投資 (FDI)當作指標；在貧窮方面，認定全國最低百分之二十的人口為貧窮人口，並計算出最低百分之二十人口的平均所得，即窮人平均所得，將其視為衡量一國貧窮的依據。樣本資料根據世界銀行分類，選擇49個開發中國家作為研究對象，分析期間為1982至2000年，共200個觀察值。

實證結果發現，經濟成長能顯著地等比例提升窮人平均所得，開放貿易與FDI傾向於降低開發中國家的窮人所得份額，且FDI更達到統計的顯著水準。然而，若將開放貿易與FDI進行分類則得到不同的結論：在開放貿易方面，雖未達統計顯著水準，全球化國家傾向於提升窮人所得份額；而FDI方面，FDI/GDP>2.5%的國家或拉丁美洲地區，FDI流入傾向於惡化窮人所得份額，反之，FDI>600百萬美元的國家或東亞地區，FDI流入傾向於提升窮人所得份額。此外，本文還納入經濟結構、政府支出、人力資本和總體經濟穩定等可能會影響窮人平均所得的變數進行研究，發現除了政府支出的結論與預期相反之外，其餘變數均符合預期，但僅總體經濟穩定的變數達到統計的顯著性，顯示總體經濟越穩定，越能有效改善窮人所得份額，降低貧窮。

第一章 緒論 ............................................. 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 ...................................... 1
1.2 研究目的 ............................................ 4
第二章 文獻回顧 ......................................... 5
2.1 成長與貧窮 .......................................... 5
2.2 全球化與貧窮 ........................................ 8
2.2.1 貿易自由化與貧窮 ................................. 8
2.2.2 投資自由化 (FDI) 與貧窮 ......................... 10
第三章 實證模型 ........................................ 14
3.1 模型架構 ........................................... 14
3.2 變數簡介 ........................................... 15
3.3 資料處理 ........................................... 18
第四章 實證結果 ........................................ 21
4.1 開放貿易與貧窮 ..................................... 21
4.2 FDI與貧窮 .......................................... 24
4.3 穩定度檢驗 ......................................... 28
第五章 結論 ............................................ 32
附錄一 變數定義、敘述統計量與資料來源 .................. 36
附錄二 國家樣本 ........................................ 37
附錄三 實證文獻整理 .................................... 39
參考文獻 ................................................ 41

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中文部分：
周麗芳 (2003) ,「貧窮線界定與社會福利政策相關措施之研究」,內
政部委託研究報告