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作者(中文):莊普淨
論文名稱(中文):廢食用油製造生質柴油 - 以固體觸媒進行預酯化反應之研究
指導教授(中文):黃世傑
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立清華大學
系所名稱:化學工程學系
學號:9632543
出版年(民國):98
畢業學年度:97
語文別:中文
論文頁數:67
中文關鍵詞:生質柴油預酯化固體酸觸媒
外文關鍵詞:biodieselpre-esterificationsolid acid catalyst
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生質柴油為近年來最具環保與發展潛力的替代性能源之一,然而目前生產生質柴油多是以新鮮植物油為主,因此原料成本過高,並有與人爭糧之虞。若是以收集廢食用油做為原料,除了可有效降低成本之外,亦能減少廢食用油對環境的污染,但廢食用油中含有大量的游離脂肪酸,若做為鹼製程的原料油進行轉酯化反應會造成嚴重的皂化現象並使生質柴油的產率嚴重下降,因此需以預酯化反應處理至符合鹼製程的需求。傳統的預酯化製程是以硫酸為勻相觸媒,反應後會殘留於產物之中,增加分離纯化的成本,若能使用固體觸媒則可有效解決反應後分離回收的問題。本實驗將以不同比例之棕櫚酸添加至大豆油中來模擬廢食用油,藉由挑選文獻上數種不同的固體酸觸媒針對游離脂肪酸的預酯化效果進行測試,並將效果較佳者應用於循環式氣泡床式反應器中以利於移除水分。實驗結果以觸媒SZ反應效果較佳,在游離脂肪酸5 %及10 %含量下分別在反應溫度65 oC及75 oC,甲醇流量0.8 ml/min,觸媒用量5 %,循環流量800 ml/min進行預酯化反應,在反應120分鐘後能將酸價分別降至0.47及0.52 mg KOH/g,含水率分別降至0.042及0.049 %,符合鹼製程的需求。
一.序論
二.文獻回顧
三.實驗材料及方法
四.實驗結果與討論
五.結論
六.參考資料
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