一位初診斷爲HIV陽性之男同性戀者的訊息需求及訊息尋求行爲

Informational Needs and Information-Seeking Behaviors of Recently Diagnosed HIV Seropositive Gay Man

柯乃熒(N. Y. Ko) ； 蕭琪(C. Shiau) ； 許淑蓮(S. L. Sheu)

《護理雜誌》 44卷3期 (1997/06) Pp. 32-40

https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.44.3.32

摘要

隨著醫病關係的改變及消費意識的提昇，許多病人需要充足的訊息來了解實際的狀況，並藉由訊息尋求的過程來協助他們發展面臨論斷後的因應策略。研究者以Derdiarian (1987)「訊息需求理論」爲理論基礎，探討一位則被診斷爲HIV陽性之男同性戀者的訊息需求及訊息尋求行爲。本報告採田野研究法，以某醫學中心一位剛被診斷爲HIV陽性之男同性戀者爲研究個案，研究者自八十三年十月三十一日至八十四看一月四日持續接觸此個案，將與個案要互動的過程寫成五篇行爲過程記錄，並加以歸納整理。結果顯示個案之訊息需求共可分爲八大類：(1)就醫的過程；(2)身體狀況與受滋病的相關性；(3)藥物的作用與副作用；(4)與死亡相關的訊息；(5)保險的給付；(6)未來的計劃；(7)自我照顧的方式；(8)如何告知第三者。訊息尋求的行爲可分爲三大類；(1)主動或被動收集資料；(2)詢問他人經驗；(3)詢問主要照顧者。本研究顯示，護理人員需先與個案建立信任關係後，以非批判性及接納的態度減緩因社會恥辱感所導致陰礙個案尋求訊息的因素，藉由主動提供病人關心的訊息來增進病人髮展積極及正向的因應策略。

關鍵字

HIV抗體陽性 ； 訊息需求 ； 訊息尋求行爲

並列摘要

In recent years, substantial changes in doctor-patient relations and consumer oriented attitudes have occurred. Many patients need more information regarding their diagnosis and treatment for developing positive coping strategies to face their disease.
This case report uses an informational needs theoretical framework to present the informational needs and information-seeking behaviors of a recently diagnosed HIV seropositive gay man. The data was collected through continuous contacts with the patient during October 1994 to January 1995.
This report’s findings indicated that need for information after diagnosis fall into eight categories of concern: process in hospitalization, physical symptoms related to HI V/AIDS, side effects of anti-viral drugs, death, insurance, future planning, self care and how to disclose to others. Information seeking behaviors included actively or passively gathering information, asking others’ experience and counseling with caregiver. Non-judgmental and supportive attitudes were significant factors for reducing the effects of social stigmatization as an obstacle to the patient during the information seeking process.

並列關鍵字

HIV seropositive ； informational needs ； information seeking behaviors